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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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phospholipids
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a molecule of two nonpolar fatty acid joined to a short polar phosphorus containing head.
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organelle
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specialized compartments that carry out specific functions in eukaryotic cells.
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mitochondria
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energy producing organelles in eukaryotes.
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chloroplasts
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carbohydrates producing organelles in green and protists.
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endoplasmic reticulum
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organelle that consists of a network of membranes that transports susbstances made by a cell.
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enzyme
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protein that acts as a catalyst for a biochemical reaction.
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nucleus
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organelle that consists of a network of membranes that transports substances made by a cell.
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substrate
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molecule on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction.
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pyruvic acid
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three carbon organic compound; two molecules in a series of biochemical reactions when levels of the end product become high.
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feedback inhibition
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slowing or stopping of an early reaction in a series of biochemical reactions when levels of the end product become high.
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cell
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smallest unit that can perform all life processes.
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lipid bilayer
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the double layer of phospholipids found in all membranes and organelles.
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eukaryotes
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organisms whose cells contain a membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles such as plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
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prokaryote
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single celled organism lacking a true nucleus.
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cell wall
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thick; outer layer that encloses and supports most plant fungal, and bacterial cells and protists cells.
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metabolism
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the sum of all chemical processes that use of release energy in an organism.
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cell membrane
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billipid layer that forms the cells outer surface, essential to the the cells metabolism; also called the plasma membrane.
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protein
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any of the polymers of amino acids.
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photosynthesis
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process by which organisms use the energy of light to convert inorganic into organic molecules.
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cellular respiration
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process by which living things obtain energy from the bonds of food molecules.
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pigment
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molecule that absorbs and reflects diferent colors of light.
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diffusion
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movement of molecules from a region of higher consentration to one of lower concentration .
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