Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
digestive tract
|
the tube through which materials flow; aka the alimentary canal
|
|
|
oral cavity
|
the mouth
|
|
|
incisors
|
front teeth for biting
need scissor shape teeth for biting his face off |
|
|
canines
|
sharp teeth for tearing
enzo, the canine, tore my shoe apart |
|
|
premolars and molars
|
teeth with flat surface for biting plant materials such as cellulose.
i wanna bite your mole (smooth and soft mole)ewwwwww |
|
|
saliva
|
fluid produced by salivary glnds containing enzymes, buffers, lysozyme and mucus.
|
|
|
enzyme
|
a protien molecule that helps speed up chemical reactions, such as breakig down food to its smallest units.
THINK ENZO |
|
|
Salivary Amylase
|
enzyme that breaks-down carbohydrates to smaller sugars.
|
|
|
buffer
|
a substance that adjusts pH, acid/base concentrations.
think penis |
|
|
lysozyme
|
an enzyme found in saliva, sweet, tears that kills bacteria.
ENZO |
|
|
mucus
|
a slimy material that moistens food for swallowing, helps form a bolus (ball of food)
|
|
|
tongue
|
a muscle that moves food; forms the bolus which can be swallowed
|
|
|
pharynx
|
throat, back of the throat where the nose and mouth connect.
its not fair that you got me fucking sick and now i have this music in my throat all the time. i hate you |
|
|
epiglottis
|
little flap that leads into the larynx
|
|
|
esophagus
|
muscular tube that connects mouth to stomach; passes through thoracic cavity, diaphragm, and into the abdominal cavity.
|
|
|
sphincter
|
circular muscles that can close the digestive tube; it regulates the passage of materials.
|
|
|
peristalsis
|
rhythmic muscle contractions (like the way an earth worm moves)
|
|
|
stomach
|
muscular organ that stores food, secretes hydrochloric acid, and secretes pepsin
these acids help digest proteins to short peptides. |
|
|
Hydrochloric acid
|
a strong acid with pH =2, chemically dissolves food activates pepsin;results in chyme.
acid-dissolve food want of pepsin (pepsi) after eating food. when dissolved, food turns to chyme |
|
|
chyme
|
acidic, liquefied food
|
|
|
ulcer
|
a hole in the stomach wall, caused by bacteria or insufficient mucus.
|
|
|
pyloric sphincter
|
at junction of stomach and small intestine
|
|
|
duodenum
|
short, anterior portion of small intestine, active area of digestion, receives chyme, bile, and pancreatic juice.
|
|
|
bile
|
substance secreted by the LIVER that emulsifies fats and eliminates hemoglobin from old red blood cells
|
|
|
emulsification
|
process of converting liquid fat (like oil) into small droplets (like shaking oil and vinegar)
|
|
|
liver
|
ACCESSORY ORGAN that makes bile, stores excess glucose as glycogen, produces cholesterol.
|
|
|
gallbladder
|
sac-like accessory organ attached to liver, stores bile.
|
|
|
pancreas
|
accessory organ that secretes fluids that contain sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) to neutralize acid chyme and enzymes that break down macromolecules
|
|
|
macromolecules
|
carbohydrates (starch), proteins, lipids (fats), and nucleic acids (like DNA)
|
|
|
jejunum and ileum
|
posterior portion of small intestine, active area of nutrient absorption
|
|
|
villi and microvilli
|
projections of the small intestine wall that increase surface area for digestion and absorption.
finger-like |
|
|
large intestine
|
consists of the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon; recovers water, harbors bacteria (good ones that secrete vitamin K), descending, and sigmoid colon store undigested wastes
|
|
|
sigmoid colon
|
contracts to push feces into rectum.
|
|
|
feces
|
undigested material that is eliminated thought the anus
|
|
|
anus
|
sphincter that regulates elimination
|
|
|
fiber
|
plant material (cellulose) that adds bulk to feces, aids in food passage through colon.
|
|
|
appendix
|
bacteria-filled projection at junction of ileum and ascending colon; no know digestive role.
|
