Biology 5 Lab Quiz Flash Cards

Front 1

LONG BONE

Back 1

longer than it is wide consists of cylindrical shaft Diaphysis,and enlarged knobs at the end Epiphysis

Front 2

Diaphysis

Back 2

Dense compact bone covers each end. In the long bone has a central cavity that contains yellow bone marrow (adipose) used for energy

Front 3

Epiphysis

Back 3

Spongy bone made of trabeculae(composed of calcium minerals and living cells) in the humerus contains red bone marrow responsisble for production of RBCs and WBCs, stem cells.

Front 4

LONG BONE

Back 4

Front 5

SPONGY BONE

&

TRABECULAE

Back 5

Front 6

BONE HISTOLOGY

Back 6

Front 7

OSTEON

(Aka Haversian Systems)

Back 7

Made up of rings of osteocytes.Osteocytes near the center of Osteon recieve nutrients through diversion from blood vessles that pass through the central canal.

Front 8

Axial Skelton

Back 8

80 bones

Skull&Mandible (22)

Auditory Ossicles (6)

Hyoid (1)

Vertibral column (26)

Ribs (24)

Sternum (1)

Front 9

Appendicular Skeleton

Back 9

126 bones

Pectoral girdles (4)

Upper Limb (60)

Pelvic girdle (2)

Lower limb (60)

Front 10

Fibrous Joints

Back 10

firmly connect and stabilize adjacent bones no movement

Front 11

Cartilaginous Joints

Back 11

connect bones provides cushion for compression- allows limited movement

Front 12

Synovial Joints

Back 12

Joint cavity filled with fluids allows movement

Front 13

Adduction

Back 13

movement towards the midline (adds)

Front 14

Abduction

Back 14

movement away from the midline (takes away)

Front 15

Rotate

Back 15

Movement of body part around its own axis

Front 16

Circumduction

Back 16

motion without rotation describing a cone

Front 17

Cervical Vertebrae

(Neck)

Back 17

7 bones

Front 18

Thoracic

(thorax/chest)

Back 18

12 bones

Front 19

Lumbar

(lower/small of back)

Back 19

5 bones

Front 20

Sacral

(sacrum/upper pelvic region)

Back 20

5 fused vertebrae

Front 21

Coccyx

Back 21

4 fused bones

Front 22

Ribs

Back 22

12 pairs

True ribs-1st 7 ribs attached to the sternum

False Ribs- 8,9, 10 attached by cartilage to rib 7

floating ribs- last 2 Dont attach to the sternum at all located on posterior side of rib cage

Front 23

How are bones named?

Back 23

Bones are classified into 4 types based on shape

Long- longer than they are wide

Short- are as wide as they are long

Flat- thin and flattened ( top of cranium)

Irregular- Are a variety of shapes that dont fit into the other categories

Front 24

Short bone

Back 24

Front 25

Flat bone

Back 25

Front 26

Irregular bone

Back 26

Front 27

Total Bones in the Body

Back 27

206 bones

Front 28

Flexion, Extension, Hyper

Back 28

Front 29

Supination, Pronation

Back 29

Front 30

Bones of the skull

Back 30

Front 31

step by step bone development

Back 31

Bone of the first type begins in the embryonic skeleton with a cartilagemodel, which is gradually replaced by bone. Specialized connective tissuecells called osteoblasts secrete a matrix material called osteoid, a gelatinous substance made up of collagen, a fibrous protein, and mucopolysaccharide, an organic glue. Soon after the osteoid is laid down, inorganic salts are deposited in it to form the hardened material recognized as mineralized bone. The cartilage cells die out and are replaced by osteoblasts clustered in ossification centres. Bone formation proceeds outward from these centres.