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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Process by which modern organisms have evolved from ancient organisms
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evolution
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In evolution the organisms change how fast over time?
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slowly
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The varitey of living things.
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diversity
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Darwin sailed to many contients and islands and collected a varitey of organisma on the ship called what?
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begale
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Today scientists estimate that over how many of the species that lived on earth are extinct?
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99.9%
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Who was the first person to use the word fitness?
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Darwin
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Fitness is the combination of what and what to help an orgaism survie and reproduce in their enviorment?
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Physical traits and behaviors
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What is the name of the book that Darwin wrote?
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The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
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Modern species produced through evolution and many descended from a common ancestor.
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Common descent
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Any inherited characteristics that increases an organisms fitness for survival.
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Adaptation
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Who were the two geologists who believed the earth was constantly changing.
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James Hutton and Charles Lyell
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Preserved remains of ancient organisms
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Fossil
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A record of he history of life setermined by the postion of layers of rocks.
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geologic time scale
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technique used to determine the age of fossils by comparing them with other fossils in different layers of rocks.
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relative dating
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unstabel element that decays into a more stable or non-radioactive element at a very steady rate.
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radioactive element
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lenght of time for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.
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half life
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same as radiactive dating
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absoulte dating
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meathod of measuring radioactive decay of a radioactive material to determine how long ago an event occured of an organism lived.
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absoulte dating
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what is the half liife of carbon?
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5,770 years
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a major division of geologic time composed of a number of periods.
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era
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any specified division or portion of time.
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period
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periods are divided into this.
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epoch
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tree sap that has become a rock.
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amber
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most fossils are found in what kind of rock?
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sedimentary
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large rock broken down into small particles of sand, silt or clay due to heat, cold, or rain which are compressed under water.
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sedimentary rocks
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early stages of development of an organism.
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embryo
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organ that has no uesful purpose.
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vestigial organ
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sructures in different organisms that develope from the same ancestor.
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homologous structure
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