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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Radial Cleavage
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o cell divisions occur in same planes through animal to vegetal pole
o divisions extend out from a central axis & line up on top of each other (compared to spiral cleavage in proteostomes) |
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Enterocoelous coelom
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o coelomic mesoderm folds inward as pockets off of endoderm; varies in some descendants
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Analogous Traits
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# features on > 2 or more taxa have a common function
# features do NOT have to look alike to perform same function # features may or may not have a shared ancestry |
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Homologous Traits (Between taxa)
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# two or more taxa share a feature that is derived from a common ancestry; structures may not look alike & may not function in same way
criteria: similar position, ontogeny, fossil intermediates, genetics? |
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Clade Clade ““OlfactoresOlfactores”
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Tunicata and Vertebrata
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Homoplasy
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Traits look alikeTraits look alike
May/may not share ancestryMay/may not share ancestry May/may not share functionMay/may not share function Traits with common functionTraits with common function May/May not share ancestryMay/May not share ancestry |
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Enterocoelous Coelom
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mesoderm folds inward as pockets off of endoderm
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modified enterocoelous coelom
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superficially - solid block of mesoderm splits open to form cavity
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mesenchyme
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separate mesoderm cells surrounded by extracellular matrix (may be found in embryos & adults)
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Cleavage
* Holoblastic |
complete cleavage through animal & vegetal poles
* possible only in eggs with little yolk (i.e. microlecithal or mesolecithal eggs) |
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Neural Crest (ectomesenchyme) Cells: What clades have them, location, function?
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* derived trait in vertebrates
* cells that pinch off of neural tube mass early & migrate to # locations in body * Some Derivatives - branchial skeleton; chromatophores; dentine; # nerve ganglia - sympathetic, parasympathetic, dorsal root (sensory); Schwann cells |
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Aggressive mimicry
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a form of mimicry in which a predator resembles itself to another animal which is harmless to the pray. This change in appearance deceives the prey in a way that makes it easier for the predator to catch its prey.
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ameloblast cells
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secrete enamel, ectoderm derived
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odontoblast cells
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decrete predentin, ectomesenchyme derived
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layers of Cosmoid or Dermal Armor
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enameloid + cosmine (dentine) + spongy bone + lamellar bone
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Filoplume
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Rachis with afew barbs at the tip, sensors of controur feather position.
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non iridescent structural colors made by
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partially ordered arrays of collagen macrofibrils
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distinguish structurally colored bird shin from “pigmented” skin with chromatophores
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Lipid vacuoles are common to pigmented colored skin, which are absent from structurally colored skin.
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unguis
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any rigid body structure composed primarily of keratin
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which way does epidermis initially grow in development of feathers, epidermal scales, hair?
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feathers and scales: initially upwards, then sinks (thus, homlogous)hair sinks initially then grows outward
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Apocrine
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Relating to a type of glandular secretion in which the apical portion of the secreting cell is released along with the secretory products.
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Sudoriferous
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Producing or secreting sweatBut true sweat is only sudoriferous eccrine (apocrine is pheremones)
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sesamoid bones
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"Accessory" Bonesin foot of ungulate
* become attachment points for important tendons & ligam |
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trichosiderin
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iron based pigment in red hair
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