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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does a cell need to survive
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oxygen, water, and fuel molecules
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most common shapes of Prokayotes are?
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Coccuss, Bacillus, spirochete
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What is in the Prokaryotic cell?
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Nucleoid, Ribosomes, plasma Membrane, cell wall, Capsule
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eukryotic animals celldo not have What?
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Chloroplast, central vacole and tonooplast, cell walll, plasmodesmata
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Plant cells do not have?
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Lysosomes, and centrioles
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Centrosome
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microtubials initiated
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Peroxisome
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produces hydrogen and perixiode
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Cytoskeleton
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cells shaope and functions in movement: Made of Microfilimants, intermediate filaments, microtubules
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Ribosomes
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nonmembourous organalles that make rRNA proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope
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Golgi Apparatus
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processes, transforms proteins and synthesizes polyssaccharides/ active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secrertion of cell product
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Plasma Membrane
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encloses the cell/fluid phospholipid bylayer mosaic
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Mitochondria
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cellular resperation occurs and ATPs gennerated
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Rough ER
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it is studded with ribosomes/ active in membrane synthsis/Site of protein synthesis
(secretory) |
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Smooth ER
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free of ribosomes/ active in membrane synthsis/Site of lipid synthesis Site of Detoxification
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Lysomes
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The lysosome is a membrane-bounded sac of hydrolytic enzymes that digests macromolecules and organelles targeted for destruction
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Endomembrane System
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Nuclear envelope (double membrane)
Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER & SRM) Golgi Complex Vesicles |
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Mitochondrion Structure:
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double membrane- contains DNA / outer mem, inter mem space, innet mem, matrix
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Peroxisomes
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Peroxisomes generate and degrade H2O2 in performing various metabolic functions:
may detoxify alcohol and other harmful compounds. |
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CYTOSKELETON
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INTERNAL CELL SKELETON MADE OF PROTEINS/ interacts with motor proteins to promote movement.
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Microtubules
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cell motility(as in cilia or flagella)/ chromosone mvnt in cell division/ organelle movement/act as tracks that guide motor proteins carrying organelles
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Microfilaments
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cytoplasmic streaming/ cell motiliy ( as in pseudopodia) /An actin microfilament consists of a twisted double chain of actin subunits.
Microfilaments are designed to resist tension |
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Intermediate filaments
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anchorage of nucleus and vertain other organelles
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myosin
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Thicker filaments, composed of a motor protein interdigitate with the thinner actin fibers.
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Plant cells have a centrosome:
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an area where the microtubules form, but have no centrioles
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The Flagellum tip consists of
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9 doublets
with 2 in the center ( 9+2). |
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What is driven by the arms of a motor protein, dynein.
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The bending of cilia and flagella
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cytoplasmic streaming:
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In plant and animal cells, actin-myosin interactions are involved in this andThis creates a circular flow of cytoplasm in the cell.
This speeds the distribution of materials within the cell |
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Chloroplast
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Double membrane - Contain DNA/has outer mem, inner mem, stroma, thylakoids, and ganum
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CENTRAL VACUOLE
- Tonoplast |
Functions: storage, molecule breakdown, cell expansion
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Intercellular Junctions Animal Cells – Tight Junctions
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In tight junctions, membranes of adjacent cells are fused, forming continuous belts around cells. This prevents leakage of extracellular fluid.
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