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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do the vertibrae protect?
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spinal chord
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Where are blood cells produced?
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bone marrow
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Where is extra Calcium stored?
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bones
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What is the skeletal system composed of?
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bone and cartilage
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Bone
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hard, strong, mineralized tissue containing both organic and inorganic components
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What are hydroxyapatitecrystals composed of?
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Calcium, Phosphate, Hydroxide
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What are the two types of bone?
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compact bone and spongy bone
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Compact bone
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forms on the exterior of most bones and is hard and dense
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Spongy bone
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less dense than compact bone consisting of interconnecting lattice of bony spicules within long bones
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What is cartilage made of?
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chondrin
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What do chondrocytes secrete?
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chondrin
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What is the embryonic skeleton mostly made of?
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cartilage
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Long bones grow by what process?
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endochondral ossification
(cartilage template grows and is replaced by bone) |
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Skull is formed by what method?
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intramembranous ossification
(bone is formed directly from undifferentiated cells without a pre-existing cartilage template) |
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The skeleton can be divided into what 2 sections?
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axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
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What does the axial skeleton exist of?
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skull, vertibral column, and rib cage
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What does the appendicular skeleton exist of?
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arm and leg bones, pectoral and pelvic girdles
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Epiphysis
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rounded ends of long bones
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Diaphysis
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cylindrical inner of long bones
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What does the epiphysial plate separate in long, growing bones?
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Epiphysis and Diaphysis
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What do you call the tough, outer covering of bones?
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periosteum
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What does the periosteum contain?
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blood vessels and bundles of collagenous fibers
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What does an osteon contain?
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Haversion canal and surrounding lamellae
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Where are Haversion canals found?
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compact bone
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What do Haversion canals contain?
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blood and lymph vessels, nerves, connective fibers
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What do you call the concentric layers of bony matrix found around the Haversion canals?
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lamellae
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Osteocytes
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bone cells
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Lacunae house what?
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osteocytes
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Lacunae are linked to Haversion canals via what?
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canaliculi
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What does yellow marrow store?
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fat
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What does red marrow store?
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contains stem cells which form blood and immune cells
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Bone remodeling
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processes of bone formation and bone resorption
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What are two main inorganic components that are drawn out of the blood when during bone formation?
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Calcium and phosphate
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Parathyroid hormone raises or lowers plasma Ca levels?
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raises
(by stimulating Ca release from bones) |
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Calcitonin raises or lowers plasma Ca levels?
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lowers
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Osteoblasts
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make bone
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Osteoclasts
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reabsorb bone
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