Biology 3 Evolution

Front 1

Variability in form within or among populations of the same species is called

Back 1

Polymorphism

Front 2

Allele frequencies shift inconsistent directions overtime

Back 2

Directional selection

Front 3

When intermediate forms are favored and extremes are eliminated

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Stabilizing selection

Front 4

The human birth weight is an example of what type of what type of selection

Back 4

Stabilizing

Front 5

Disruption, stabilization, or shift for a given trait are outcomes of

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Natural selection

Front 6

___ selection happens when forms both ends of the range of variation are favored

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Disruptive

Front 7

In disruptive selection, intermediate forms are

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Selected against

Front 8

Sexual selection leads to increased

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Sexual dimorphism

Front 9

What type of selection favors certain secondary sexual characteristics

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Sexual

Front 10

What type of selection reduces phenotypic variation

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Stabilizing

Front 11

Non-random mating is ___ selection

Back 11

Sexual

Front 12

Polymorphism

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Having many forms

Front 13

What occurs when two or more alleles are maintained at frequencies greater than 1%

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Balanced polymorphism

Front 14

Random change in allele frequencies brought about by chance

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Genetic drift

Front 15

The genetic drift affect is most pronounced in ___ populations

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Small

Front 16

The fewer times an event occurs, greater the variance in outcomes is what type of error

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Sampling

Front 17

The ___ effect causes a pronounced drift

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Bottleneck

Front 18

Cytochrome c functions in

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Electron transport

Front 19

Deficits in cytochrome c would be ___

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Lethal

Front 20

When comparing proteins to show how closely species are related the ____ of proteins produced by the same gene are looked at

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Amino acid sequence

Front 21

The more heat required to break hybrid, the ____ the species

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More closely related

Front 22

Molecular clock: neutral mutations occur at a ___

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Constant rate

Front 23

Molecular clock: count the number of differences to estimate ___

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Time of Divergence

Front 24

Cuviers theory of catastrophism was that following creation Global disasters destroyed

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Species repopulated from other areas

Front 25

Huttons theory of gradualism was that profound change was a cumulative product of ___

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Slow but continuous processes

Front 26

Which theory was helpful to Darwin in the formation of his theory of evolution

Back 26

Populations produce more offspring than their environment can support

Front 27

Glyptodonts were fossil forms that resembled

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Armadillos

Front 28

The person credited with being the co-discoverer of natural selection was

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Alfred Wallace

Front 29

The difference in the appearance of the male and the female is known as

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Sexual dimorphism

Front 30

An adaptation within a population is an outcome of

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Microevolution

Front 31

Characteristics of an unchanging and non evolving population

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Random mating

no mutation

no migration or gene flow

infinitely large population

Front 32

Does non-random mating upset genetic equilibrium

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No

Front 33

What four things can upset genetic equilibrium

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Genetic drift

mutation

natural selection

gene flow

Front 34

Are mutations predictable

Back 34

No

Front 35

The concept of a molecular clock is based on the idea that

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Neutral mutations occur at regular rates

Front 36

Are morphological mutations subject to natural selection

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No

Front 37

Are physiological mutation subject to natural selection

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Yes

Front 38

The most conclusive evidence used in establishing the relationship of closely related species is

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DNA-DNA hybridization

Front 39

Divergence may lead to

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Speciation