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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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villi
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microscopic, finger-like projections which greatly increase the surface area of the lining of the small intestines.
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绒毛
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duodenum
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十二指肠
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pancreatic duct
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胰胆管
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insulin
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hormone produced by the pancreas that controls the concentration of glucose in the blood
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胰岛素
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vas deferens
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tube carrying sperm out of the testis
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输精管
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gene therapy
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treatment that involves replacing faulty genes with healthy ones
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基因治疗
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genetic engineering
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artificially changing the genetic material of an organism, see also genetic modification
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基因工程
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genetic modification
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copying healthy genes and inserting them into the DNA of other organisms
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基因改造
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restriction endonucleases
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enzyme that cuts up DNA at specific sites
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限制性内切酶
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sticky ends
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the end of a cut DNA helix, with one strand left slightly longer than the other
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粘底
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DNA ligases
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one of the enzymes that joins nucleotides together to form DNA strands
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DNA连接酶
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reverse transcriptase
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enzyme involved in building up DNA for artificial genes from an RNA template
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逆转录酶
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complementary DNA/cDNA
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DNA made by reversing the normal transcription process. It can act as an artificial gene.
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互补DNA
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plasmids
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extra, circular strand of DNA, seperate from the main chrosome, found in bacteria
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质粒
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vector
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in this context:means of carrying new gene into host DNA during genetic modification
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载体
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recombinant DNA
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combination of host DNA with new gene in genetic modification
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基因重组
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genetic screening
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testing population for a genetic disease
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基因筛查
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phenylketonuria(PKU)
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genetic condition affecting protein metabolism
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苯丙酮尿症
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prenatal screening
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testing a fetus for a genetic condition before birth
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产前筛查
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amniocentesis
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prental test that involves taking a sample of amniotic fluid at around 16 weeks of pregnancy and culturing the fetal cells to look for genetic abnormalities.
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羊膜穿刺术
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chorionic villus sampling
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prenatal test for genetic disorders which involves sampling fetal tissue from the placenta at 10-12 weeks
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绒毛取样
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preimplantation genetic diagnosis
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genetic diagnosis technique by which the genetic make-up of an embryo can be determined before it is implanted in the uterus of its mother
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植入前遗传学诊断
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in vitro
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体外
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testis
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睾丸
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oviducts
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输卵管
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cervix
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子宫颈
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menstrual cycle
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经期
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