Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
character
|
term for a heritable feature
|
|
trait
|
variant of a character
|
|
true-breeding
|
when the plants self-pollinate, all their offspring are of the same variety
|
|
hybridization
|
mating or crossinf of two true-breeding parents
|
|
P generation
|
the true-breeding parents
|
|
F1 generation
|
the offspring of the P generation
|
|
F2 generation
|
production of the mating of the F1 generation
|
|
alleles
|
the alternative variations of genes
|
|
law of segregation
|
the separation of alleles into separate gametes
|
|
homozygous
|
an organism having a pair fo identical alleles for a character
|
|
heterozygous
|
organisms having two different alleles for a gene
|
|
phenotype
|
the organism's traits
|
|
genotype
|
an organisms genetic makeup
|
|
testcross
|
the breeding of a recessive homozygote with an organism of dominant phenotype but unknown genotype
|
|
monohybrids
|
F1 produced in such a cross
|
|
dihybrids
|
heterozygous for both characteristics
|
|
law of independent assortment
|
the independent segregation fo each pair of alleles during gamete formation
|
|
complete dominance
|
the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable
|
|
codominance
|
the two alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways
|
|
pleiotropy
|
the ability of a gene to affect an organism in many ways
|
|
epistasis
|
a gene at one locus alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at a second locus
|
|
quantitative character
|
ex. human skin color and height
|
|
polygenic inheritance
|
an additive effect fo two or more genes on a single phenotypic character
|
|
norm of reaction
|
the phenotypic range
|
|
multifactorial
|
many factors, both genetic and environmental, collectively influence phenotype
|
|
pedigree
|
information assembled into a family tree describing the interrelationships of parents and children across a generation
|
|
Tay-Sachs disesase
|
utosomal recessice; found in Jews; lipids accumulate in brain cells; fatal by age four
|
|
sickle- cell anemia
|
autosomal recessive; found in african americans; unbalanced hemogloban level, resulting in an insufficient oxygen level throughout the body
|
|
cystic fibrosis
|
autosomal recessive; found in whites; devective chloride channels, mucus builds up in organs
|
|
huntingtons disease
|
autosomal dominant; no typical group; common in middle age people-mild mental illness folloewd by progressional deteriation of mental and physical skils
|
|
incomplete dominance
|
the F1 hybrids have an appearance somewhere in between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties
|