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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Biology
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The scientific study of life
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What are the 7 properties of life
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Order, Reproduction, Growth and development, Energy Processing, Response to environment, Regulation, Evolutionary adaptation
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Levels of life
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Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle and molecule
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Define Biosphere
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All of the environments on earth that support life
Ex: regions of land and bodies of water |
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Define Ecosystem
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All organisms living in a particular area and well as physical components
Ex: air, soil, water,sunlight |
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Define community
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entire array in an ecosystem.
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Define population
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all individuals of a particular species living in an area
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Define Organism
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An individual living thing
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Define Organ system
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several organs that cooperate in a specific function
Ex: nervous system |
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Define an Organ
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made up of several different tissues
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Define Tissue
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made up of a group of similar cells that perform a specific function
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Define a cell
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fundamental until of life
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Define an organelle
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a membrane enclosed structure that performs a specific function in a cell
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Define a molecule
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a cluster of small chemical units called atoms held together by chemical bonds
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Define a prokaryotic cell
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first to evolve. Simpler and smaller.
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Define a eukaryotic cell
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subdivided by membranes into many functional compartments called organelles
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What is the goal of systems in biology
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to construct models for the dynamic behavior of whole systems based on studying the interactions among the parts
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Explain the process of photosynthesis in a tree
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a tree absorbs water and minerals from the soil through its roots and its leaves take in carbon dioxide from air. Tree's leaves uses energy from sunlight to convert co2 and h2o to sugar and oxygen o2. The leaves release o2 to the air and the roots help form soil by breaking up rocks.
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Explain how consumers interact with the environment
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to release energy in food, animals take in o2 from air and release co2. An animals waste return other chemicals into environment
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Explain how decomposes interact with their environment
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they act as recyclers, changing complex matter into simpler mineral nutrients that plants can absorb and use
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What are the most basic chemicals necessary in life
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carbon dioxide, oxygen, water and various minerals: cycle within an ecosystem from the air and soil to plants, to animals, and decomposers, and back to the air and soil
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DNA is the chemical substance of ____
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Genes
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Define Genes
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The units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring
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What does the DNA of genes provide
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the blueprint for making proteins
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Proteins serve as
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the tools that actually build and maintain the cell and carry out its activities
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Estimated how many species have been identified and named
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1.8 million
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How many species are estimated to exist
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10-100 million
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Define Taxonomy
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the branch of biology that names and classifies species, arranges species into a hierarchy of broader and broader groups from genus, family, order, class and phylum to kingdom
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What are the three domains
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Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
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what kind of environment does the archaea live in
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extreme environments such as salty lakes and boiling hot springs
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How are kingdoms distinguish
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modes of nutrition
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Name all of Eukarya kingdoms
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Protists, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia
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Who published "On the origin of species by Means of Natural Selection"
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Charles Darwin
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Define the idea of evolution
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that species living today are descendants of ancestral species. Theory also known as descendent of modification
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Define the idea of natural selection
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individuals in a population vary in their traits many of which are passes on from parents to offspring. A population can produce far more offspring than the environment can support
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Define Inductive reasoning
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collecting and analyzing observation can lead to conclusion based on a type of logic
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Define Hypothesis
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a proposed explanation for a set of observations
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Define Deductive Reasoning
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the type of logic used to come up with ways to test hypotheses. Flows from general premises to the specific results we should expect if the premises are true
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How is a theory different than a hypothesis
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much broader in scope than a hypothesis. It is usually general enough to generate many new, specific, hypotheses that can be tested. Supported by a large and usually growing body of evidence
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