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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Inheritance is controlled by specific genes on specific chromosomes
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Chromosomes Theory of Heredity
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Each pair of genes segregates, or seperates, during meiosis
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Law of Segregation
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Dominate Allelea are always expressed whereas recessive alleles can be hidden, or masked
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Law of Dominance
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Form of a gene
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Allele
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Genetic makeup of organism
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Genotype
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Different pair of traits, orgenes, seperate randomly, or independently, formed each other
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Law of Independent Assortment
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Section ofchromosomes that code for traits
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Genes
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The likelihood of a particular event or outcome happening
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Probability
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Cross of an organism with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessice organism to figure out unknown genotype
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Test Cross
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Single gene affect more than one trait
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Pleiotropy
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Heterozygous phenotype is somewhere between the two alleles
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Incomplete Dominance
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Traits controlled by many genes
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Polygenic Traits
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Both alleles are dominant and are expressed
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Condominance
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oganism that recieves the same genetic trait from each parent
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purebred
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F2 Generation
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Offspring of F1 generation
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P Generation
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(parental purebred)parents,two different forms
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F1 generation
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(Filial)Offspring of P generation
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Outward or physical expression of a trait
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Phenotype
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Two alleles in a gene pair are identical
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Homozygous
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Two alleles in a gene pair are different
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Heterozygous
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Monk who studied inheritance in pea plants, " Father of Genetics"
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Gregor Mendel
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Characteristic passes on from parent to offspring
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Trait
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Form of gene that is fully expressed when two different alleles are present
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Dominate Allele
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Form of gene that is not expressed when paired with dominant allele
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Recessive Allele
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A chart that shows how a trait and the genes that control it are inherited within a family
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Pedigree
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Genes controlled by three or more alleles
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Multiple Alleles
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Individual who carries a recessive trait that is not expressed, can pass trait to offspring
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Carrier
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Organism that recieves the same genetic trait from each parent
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Hybrid
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Study of Heredity
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Genetics
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Tool used by scientist to predict genetic information
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Punnett Square
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