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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Inheritance is controlled by specific genes on specific chromosomes
Chromosomes Theory of Heredity
Each pair of genes segregates, or seperates, during meiosis
Law of Segregation
Dominate Allelea are always expressed whereas recessive alleles can be hidden, or masked
Law of Dominance
Form of a gene
Allele
Genetic makeup of organism
Genotype
Different pair of traits, orgenes, seperate randomly, or independently, formed each other
Law of Independent Assortment
Section ofchromosomes that code for traits
Genes
The likelihood of a particular event or outcome happening
Probability
Cross of an organism with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessice organism to figure out unknown genotype
Test Cross
Single gene affect more than one trait
Pleiotropy
Heterozygous phenotype is somewhere between the two alleles
Incomplete Dominance
Traits controlled by many genes
Polygenic Traits
Both alleles are dominant and are expressed
Condominance
oganism that recieves the same genetic trait from each parent
purebred
F2 Generation
Offspring of F1 generation
P Generation
(parental purebred)parents,two different forms
F1 generation
(Filial)Offspring of P generation
Outward or physical expression of a trait
Phenotype
Two alleles in a gene pair are identical
Homozygous
Two alleles in a gene pair are different
Heterozygous
Monk who studied inheritance in pea plants, " Father of Genetics"
Gregor Mendel
Characteristic passes on from parent to offspring
Trait
Form of gene that is fully expressed when two different alleles are present
Dominate Allele
Form of gene that is not expressed when paired with dominant allele
Recessive Allele
A chart that shows how a trait and the genes that control it are inherited within a family
Pedigree
Genes controlled by three or more alleles
Multiple Alleles
Individual who carries a recessive trait that is not expressed, can pass trait to offspring
Carrier
Organism that recieves the same genetic trait from each parent
Hybrid
Study of Heredity
Genetics
Tool used by scientist to predict genetic information
Punnett Square