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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Because of globalization, humans of different races are coming into contact with greater frequency and effectively making the whole human population less diverse as traits that have typically set off one human race from another become less defined. This phenomenon is a direct result of
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gene flow
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A disease such as I-cell disease, which results in hydrolytic lysosomal enzymes being shipped out of the cell into the extracellular matrix rather than packaged into lysosomes, may cause damage to cells due to
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the buildup of material within cells that would normally be broken down
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Which of the following structures of the eye contains the light-sensitive pigment rhodopsin?
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retina
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If plants are exposed to carbon dioxide containing only carbon-14, after several days one would expect to find the greatest radioactivity in the
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roots
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A species of fungus is seen to grow on a certain type of animal feces. The relationship between the fungus and the feces is known as
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saprophytism
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A hormone secreted by the duodenal mucosal cells in order to stimulate the release of pancreatic juice is
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secretin
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The frequency, under given environmental conditions, with which a specific phenotype is expressed by those individuals with a specific genotype is known as
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penetrance
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Filter microbes out of a fluid that eventually enters the blood
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lymph nodes
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a substance released at the end of one nerve that sends a signal to the next cell
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a neurotransmitter
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which is the division of the peripheral nervous system associated with involuntary responses?
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autonomic
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which taxa is composed of animals that lack jaws
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agnatha
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True or false. DNA in the nucleus is duplicated during interphase.
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true
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The organism that causes the disease malaria belongs to what phylum
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apicomplexa
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What is the name of the structure that detoxifies alcohol in the liver?
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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A group of very closely related species that share a number of similar traits is called a
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genus
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Where is the main site where ATP is produced
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Mitochondria
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Sharks and dolphins are similar in appearance because of
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convergent evolution
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A small ring of DNA in a bacteria is a
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plasmid
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which antibiotic interferes with peptidoglycan
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penicillin
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Cellular division that produces daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes of parent cells is called
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meiosis
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What do both mitochondria and chloroplasts have in common?
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they are structures where ATP is produced
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What are all the pieces of taxonomy (preferably in order).
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Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
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The first fossils of eukaryotic cells show up in rocks that are how old?
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1.5 billion years old
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Red tides are caused by the phylum
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dinoflagellata
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What are toxic waste products produced mainly by gram-positive bacteria
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exotoxins
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The genus of the bacteria that causes botulism is
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clostridium
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What would be found in an animal cell, but not in a bacterial cell?
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endoplasmic reticulum
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What is a portion of DNA in the chromosome that codes for a particular trait
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a gene
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The oldest fossils of Homo sapiens are thought to be how old?>
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300,000
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What is the name of the protein shel that encloses a virus's genetic material?
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capsid
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A series of nucleotides in DNA that can carry the code for a particular amino acid
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codon
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Which characteristic of many different animal gropus is associated with bilateral symmetry?
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cephaliszation
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Cell reproduction in bacteria is accomplished by
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binary fission
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The stage of mitosis in which chromosome separate is
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anaphase
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Choose prokaryotic or eucaryotic. Which lack membrane-enclosed nuclei?
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prokaryotes
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The movement of uncharged molecules from a low concentration to a higher concentration is described by
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active transport
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What has a nucleic acid-based genome enclosed in a protein coat
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virus
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Cells that have stopped dividing and are differentiating are
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in the Go phase of the cell cycle
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What is a human cell that contains 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes?
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a female somatic cell
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What is a genetic cross between a homozygous recessive individual and one of an unknown genotype?
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a test-cross
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The energy actually available within a system is a description of
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free energy
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How many types of bacteria are identified as being involved in nitrogen fixation?
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3
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