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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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micelle |
a type of membrane where there are hydrophillic heads and hydrophobic tails meeting at the centre |
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desaturase |
a enzyme that removes hydrogen(unsaturates) from a fatty acid tail resulting in a carbon double bond |
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sterol |
a type of lipid that contains a hydrophillic head and a hydropobic tail (ex cholesterol) |
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cholesterol and its affect on fluidity |
cholesterol fills the spaces between fatty acid tails resulting in more kinks provides more fluidity at lower temperatures |
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saturated fatty acids unsaturated fatty acids |
saturated fat has more single bonded carbons in fatty acid tail and is fluid at high temperatures less at lower temperatures
unsaturated fatty acids contains double bonded carbons in the fatty acid tail and are fluid at lower temperatures then in high temperatures |
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gated channel |
a channel protein that can be opened or closed at specific times(ex nerve impulses) |
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uniport
antiport synport |
the transport of a single solute across membrane (facilitated diffusion usually)
the transport of a two solutes across the membrane in opposite directions the transport of two solutes in both directions across the membrane |
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aquaporin |
a specific transmembrane channel only for water molecules |
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active transport pump
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the use of energy to move solutes against concentration gradient |
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primary active transport secondary active transport |
solute is moved using energy from ATP solute is moved indirectly using ATP by using ATP to create a favorable concentration gradient for the movement of solute |
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proton H pump calcium Ca pump |
protons and sucrose are added to transport protein proton changes shape of transport protein and results in the movement of sucrose across membrane
calcium ions are moved from cytosol to ER lumen using ATP and transport proteins |
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membrane potential electrochemical potential
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the difference in potential energy between sides of membrane the difference in charge between side of membrane |
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cotransport |
molecule that moves with its or against its concentration gradient with another molecule moving against its concentration gradient (ex symport and aniport) |
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exchange diffusion |
a carrier transport mechanism that occurs when molecules move faster then can be explained by simple diffusion |
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vesicle traffic |
movement of biochemical molecules from golgi apparatus to plasma membrane |
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bulk-phase endocytosis pinocytosis phagocytosis
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bulk-phase and pinocytosis is the movement of small particles across the membrane through the vesicle that bud off from the plasma membrane.
phagocytosis is the movement of large particles or microbes across the plasma membrane through vesicles that bud off plasma membrane
receptor mediated endocytosis occurs when molecules bind to
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receptor mediated endocytosis coated pit clathrin |
molecules bind to receptors on plasma membrane then clathrin binds to receptors and invagination begins until vesicle buds off plasma membrane and coated pit is the center of the vesicle the clathrin then unbinds from receptors. |
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frye and edidin cell fusion experiment |
the experiment fused a human and mouse cell with the plasma membrane of the mouse cell dyed with a fluorescent dye and once fused the experiment revealed that the plasma membrane moves laterally and is a fluid |
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tonicity |
is the measure of osmotic pressure and predicts the direction in which osmosis will occur depends of solute concentrations inside and outside the cell |
