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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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list some characteristics of a good "home" or shelter
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-having some control of your surroundings
-shelter and warmth |
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weaver birds:
-is nest-building instinctual? -why is quality important? -why is the neck long and down-turned? |
-no, they have to practice to knot well
-size is important so it can fit but not other animals. females mate with good weavers -deters unwelcome visitors |
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kinesis
taxis |
random movement that is not headed towards or away from a stimulus - wood louse generally more active when it is warmer
directed movement toward or away from a stimulus -moth moves towards light |
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habitat of brown planaria
and daphnia |
freshwater ponds, bottom of sediments
lakes, ponds, streams |
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Mendelian trait
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determined by a single locus on a chromosome with two alleles that follow a simple pattern of Mendelian inheritance (segregation and independent assortment
Huntington's Disease (dominant) cystic fibrosis (recessive) |
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Reverse transcriptase
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a DNA polymerase enzyme that can transcribe single-stranded DNA. It can then also synthesize the second strand of DNA
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role of reverse transcriptase in producing more HIV particles
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transcripts AIDS virus into DNA
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steps of an HIV infection
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1. HIV enters body
2. binds to T-cell 3. RNA released into host 4. reverse transcriptase converts viral RNA to T-cells DNA 5. viral DNA enters T-cells nucleus and inserts into cells DNA 6. T-cell makes copies of HIV components 7. Prolease creates new virus particle 8. HIV leaves, potentially infecting another host |
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three ways bacteria can cause disease in humans
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1. release of toxins
2. blood clots 3. leakage of blood |
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what are Plasmids?
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small circular package of DNA
transfer drug resistant alleles between bacteria |
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life stages of the protozoan Plasmodium that causes Malaria in humans
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1. female mosquito injects parasite
2. sporazoites enter liver cells 3. multiply 4. released into blood stream 5. invade red blood cell 6. multiply 7. rupture invade other cells 8. develop into gametocytes that mature if ingested by mosquito 9. mosquito eats parasite repeat |
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Fungal Infections:
Gyptococcosis- meningitis and pneumonia |
brain, lung, skin
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Fungal Infections:
aspergillosis |
lungs
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Fungal Infections:
dermatophytosis -skin infection |
scalp, skin, foot, nails
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candidiasis
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brain, mouth, heart, bowel, bladder, skin, genitals
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Location of organism in humans:
Liver Fluke |
liver
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Location of organism in humans:
Tapeworm |
small intestine
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Location of organism in humans:
Hookworm |
skin, lungs, small intestine
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vectors
4 examples |
animals that carry other disease
mosquito, mite, flea, tick |
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Australopithecus africanus
("Gracile") |
3-2 mya
3.3-4.4 ft stone stick Africa long head, very pronounced brow, large cheek |
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Paranthropus robustus
("Robust) |
2-1.2 mya
3.3-4.9 ft stone stick Africa small skull, wide cheekbones. large nasal cavity |
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Homo habilis
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2.3-1.4 mya
4.6-5.2 ft stone tools, oldowan Africa |
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Homo erectus
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1.8 mya- 300,000 tya
5-5.9 ft stone tools, acherlian Africa and Eastern Asia |
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Homo neanderthalensis
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230,000-30,000 ya
5-5.5 ft stone tools, mousterien Eurasia |
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Homo sapiens (modern)
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200,000 years-current
5.2-5.5 ft primitive tools and devices Africa, widespread |
