Biology 1010 Final

Front 1

The white tailed deer is also called Odocoileus virginianus. Which genus does white tailed deer belong to?

Back 1

Odocoileus

Front 2

Which sequence correctly lists the different levels of biological organization, from largest to smallest?

Back 2

Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organism, Organ System, Organ, Tissue, Cell, Molecule, Atom

Front 3

This group would be taken through the same steps as the experimental group, but would not be exposed to the experimental variable.

Back 3

Control group

Front 4

The lower the pH in a solution

Back 4

The more acidic the solution

Front 5

The discipline responsible for identifying and grouping organisms according to certain rules

Back 5

Taxomony

Front 6

The study of evolutionary relationships between organisms

Back 6

Systematics

Front 7

Prokaryotic cells are found in which Domain(s)?

Back 7

Archaea, Bacteria

Front 8

Eukaryotes are____.

Back 8

Multi celluar

Front 9

Procaryotes are ____.

Back 9

Uni Celluar

Front 10

Concepts that join together well-supported and related hypothesis are called____.

Back 10

Scientific theories

Front 11

Which of the following is an example of natural selection or "common descent with modification"?

Back 11

After several unusually cold winters, squirrels with an extra layer of fat have more offspring.

Front 12

The atomic mass tells you the

Back 12

sum of protons and neutrons

Front 13

The atomic number tells you

Back 13

the number of protons in an atom

Front 14

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons are called

Back 14

isotopes

Front 15

In_____Bonds, sharing of electrons between two atoms is equal.

Back 15

Non-polar covalent

Front 16

Which property of water allows animals in a hot environment an efficient way of cooling off, and releasing excess body heat?

Back 16

Water has a high heat of vaporizaton

Front 17

Molecules that can attract water are said to be

Back 17

hydrophilic

Front 18

Molecules that repels water are said to be

Back 18

hrdrophobic

Front 19

Aquatic organisms are protected from rapid temperature changes and are better able to maintain their normal internal temperatures. This is an example of which property of water?

Back 19

Water has a high heat capacity

Front 20

What are the properties of water?

Back 20

1. Water has a high heat capacity

2.Water has a high heat of vaporization

3.Water is a solvent

4.Water molecules are cohesive and adhesive.

5.Frozen water is less dense than liquid water

Front 21

What is cohesive?

Back 21

Water is attracted to water

Front 22

What is adhesive?

Back 22

Water is attracted to other substances

Front 23

Organisms are composed of tissues, which are composed of cells. This is an example of which characteristic of life?

Back 23

Living things have levels of hierarchical organization.

Front 24

A group of organisms in an area that are all the same species is called a_______.

Back 24

Population

Front 25

Interacting species in a particular area

Back 25

Community

Front 26

A community plus the physical environment.

Back 26

Ecosystem

Front 27

The body temperature in a human is maintained around 37 degrees C. Which property of life does this statement represent?

Back 27

Living things are homeostatic.

Front 28

*NITROGEN

*OXYGEN

*CARBON

*MAGNESIUM

*SULFUR

Which one of the following is NOT one of this six most common elements of living organisms?

Back 28

MAGNESIUM

Front 29

Which of the following alternatives is/ are true about organic molecules?

a. they contain carbon and hydrogen

b. They are present in living organisms

c. Water is an organic molecules

d. A and B

e. A,B and C

Back 29

D. A and B

Front 30

In DNA, Adenine (A) can base pair with ___.

Back 30

Thymine(T).

Front 31

Cells use a(n)____ reaction, in order to synthesize (BUILD) a biomolecule.

Back 31

Dehydration

Front 32

Cells use a(n)____reaction, in order to break down biomolecules.

Back 32

Hydrolysis

Front 33

A covalent bond between two amino acids is called a(n)_____.

Back 33

Polar covalent bond.

Front 34

The structure of a protein is important because, _____ equals_____.

Back 34

Structure, function.

Front 35

Water molecules (in liquids and solids) are connected by____.

Back 35

Hydrogen bonds.

Front 36

Glycogen is:

Back 36

The method of glucose storage in animals

Front 37

What is the levels of a protein structure?

Back 37

*Primary

*Secondary

*Teritary

*Quaternary

Front 38

When a protein loses its shape, it is said to be___.

Back 38

Denatured

Front 39

Acidic solutions have____, ______ concentrations.

Back 39

High, Na+

Front 40

A dog receives a treat every time it obeys a command. Eventually, is obeys the command without needing a treat. This is an example of a _____.

Back 40

Behavior

Front 41

The smallest basic unit of all life is a ____.

Back 41

Cell

Front 42

Subatomic particles make up an atom. Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle?

a.proton

b.neutron

c.isotope

d.electron

Back 42

ISOTOPE

Front 43

Which of the following Domains is further divided into 4 Kingdoms?

Back 43

Eukarya

Front 44

What is the function of a Carbohydrate?

Back 44

Short-term energy storage

Front 45

What is the function of waxes?

Back 45

Protection

Front 46

The monomers of proteins are _____.

Back 46

amino acids

Front 47

Which of the following is NOT a part of a nucleotide?

a. sugar

b.phosphate

c.nitrogen base

d. fatty acid

Back 47

d. fatty acid

Front 48

What is the purpose of ATP?

Back 48

It provides energy to cells.

Front 49

Why do lipids not dissolve in water?

Back 49

They are hydrophobic

Front 50

What is the levels of classification in order from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Back 50

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Front 51

The different steps of the scientific theory.

Back 51

-Observation

-Hypothesis

-Experimentation

-Conclusion

Front 52

Radioactive Iodine (An Isotope) can be used in medicine for______.

Back 52

medical scanning/ chemotherapy

Front 53

Saturated Fatty Acids and Unsaturated Fatty Acids differ from each other, by the presence(or absence) of _____.

Back 53

Bonds, single or double.

Front 54

An example of a cooking product that is an UNSATURATED FATTY ACID is_____.

Back 54

oils

Front 55

Phospholipids can be found in

Back 55

Cell Membranes.

Front 56

The____ is equal to the amount of protons in each atom of an element.

Back 56

atomic number

Front 57

List two functions of proteins.

Back 57

-protection

-movement

Front 58

Why is Carbon the main component of organic molecules?

Back 58

Because it is half full valence shell, it is flexable it can bond w/ many molecules.

Front 59

You conducted an experiment to determine whether a person's gender was related to the number of shoes in they owned. To do this, you surveyed 50 people on campus, men and women, and asked them how many pairs of shoes they owned.

What is the independent variable?

Back 59

Gender

Front 60

What is the dependent variable?

Back 60

The number of SHOES owned.

Front 61

Due to their high demand for energy, skeletal muscle cells will have a large number of _____.

Back 61

Mitochondria

Front 62

The surface- to- area volume ratio _____ as a cell grows larger.

Back 62

Decreases

Front 63

Bacteria cells have small accessory circular pieces of DNA , otherwise known as:

Back 63

Plasmid

Front 64

The glycocalyx in some bacterial cells is located _____.

Back 64

Outside the bacterial cell wall

Front 65

Which of the following is not part of the endomembrane system?

Back 65

Chloroplast

Front 66

The formula for photosynthesis is:

Back 66

Solar energy + carbon dioxide + water -----> carbohydrate + oxygen

Front 67

"All cells come from only preexisting cells". This statement is part of the______.

Back 67

Cell Theory

Front 68

Which of the following structures is present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Back 68

Ribosomes

Front 69

Which of the following is found in plant cells, but not in animal cells?

Back 69

Cell Wall

Front 70

The endosymbotic theory explains____.

Back 70

The origin and evolution of a eukaryotic cell

Front 71

Which of the following is NOT part of the cytoskeleton?

Back 71

Exoskeleton

Front 72

An autotroph is an organism that ____.

Back 72

Produces their own food

Front 73

The stroma on a plant is located ____.

Back 73

in a chloroplast

Front 74

What enviroments are CAM plants best adapted to?

Back 74

Extreme Aridity

Front 75

The Calvin Cycle results in the production of ____.

Back 75

G3P

Front 76

In order for the Calvin Cycle to occur, it needs NADPH and ATP that came from____.

Back 76

The light dependent reactions

Front 77

Chlorophyll a is a green pigment because it absorb______.

Back 77

Red and blue light and reflects green

Front 78

Why is mesophyll tissue important in photosynthesis?

Back 78

This is where chloroplasts are located

Front 79

What type of light is used for photosynthesis?

Back 79

White/ visible light

Front 80

In photosynthesis, where do the light reactions take place?

Back 80

The Thylakoid Membrane

Front 81

In photosynthesis, where does the initial electron come from, in the electron transport chain?

Back 81

Water

Front 82

During the Calvin Cycle, what is the end metabolite product of Carbon Reduction?

Back 82

G3P

Front 83

Which of the following molecules are involved in carbon fixation, in C3 plants?

Back 83

RuBP, Carbon Dioxide

Front 84

What are the three main parts of the Calvin Cycle?

Back 84

Carbon Fixation, Carbon Reduction, RuBP Regeneration.

Front 85

Which of the following citric acid cycle byproducts is disposed of by our respiratory system when we exhale?

Back 85

Carbon Dixoide

Front 86

Where does the Citric Acid Cycle occur in a cell?

Back 86

Mitochondrial Matrix

Front 87

Fermentation is an anaerobic reaction. This means that_____.

Back 87

IT happens when oxygen is NOT available.

Front 88

Where does Glycolysis occur?

Back 88

Cytoplasm

Front 89

The end metabolite product in Glycolysis is _____.

Back 89

Pyruvate

Front 90

Which of the following organisms would make alcohol and carbon dioxide during fermentation?

Back 90

Yeast

Front 91

Where does Deamination occur in the body?

Back 91

the liver

Front 92

What is Catabolism?

Back 92

Degradative reaction

Front 93

Where are the majority of ATP's produced during cellular respiration?

Back 93

Electron Transport Chain

Front 94

What is the end metabolite product of the Prep Reaction

Back 94

Acetyl Co-A

Front 95

During the Citric Acid Cycle, what products are produced?

Back 95

6 NADH

Front 96

Using a hydrogen ion gradient to produce ATP is otherwise known as_____.

Back 96

Chemiosmosis

Front 97

What are the different phases of Interphase, in order?

Back 97

g1, S, g2

Front 98

Prokaryotes primarily reproduce____,

Back 98

By Binary Fission

Front 99

DNA relplicates during the _____stage of interphase.

Back 99

S

Front 100

Programmed cell death is also known as____.

Back 100

Apoptosis

Front 101

Which of the following is NOT a characterisic of a cancer cell?

Back 101

Cancer cells preform apoptosis

Front 102

Chromosomes that are shaped like an X, and consist of an original and a copied chromosome that are attached, are otherwise known as____.

Back 102

Sister Chromatids

Front 103

Therapeutic cloning uses stem cells to make___.

Back 103

A specific organ or tissue

Front 104

Which of the following is the correct sequence of phases in mitosis?

Back 104

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Front 105

During which stage of mitosis does the nuclear membrane disappear?

Back 105

Prophase

Front 106

What is the function of a tumor supressor gene?

Back 106

inhibit cell cycle

Front 107

What happens during cytokinesis?

Back 107

Cytoplasm is divided into new cells

Front 108

Which of the following is an example of a gamete?

Back 108

Sperm, Egg

Front 109

What are the main functions of mitosis

Back 109

Growth and repair

Front 110

A cell plate can be found during _____ in _____ cells

Back 110

Cytokinesis, Plant

Front 111

The organization of the Thylakoid Membrane us as follows:

______, ETC, PS I, NADP reductase,______.

Back 111

*PS II

*ATP SYNTHASE

Front 112

In the first step of the Citric Acid Cycle , oxloacetate is combined with_____ to form____.

Back 112

*Acetyl Co-A

*Citric Acid

Front 113

How many times does the Citric Acid Cycle turn, per Glucose molecule?

Back 113

once per pyruvate = TWICE in all

Front 114

The prep reaction starts with ____.

Back 114

Pyruvate

Front 115

In humans, fermentation makes ___ which gets sent to the liver and turned back into pyruvate.

Back 115

lactic acid

Front 116

What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?

Back 116

To break down molecules for energy to make ATP

Front 117

Why is G3P important?

Back 117

Building block for many molecules

Front 118

What is the difference between benign and malignant tumors?

Back 118

benign are not cancerous while malignant are cancerous.

Front 119

Why is oxygen important in cellular respiration?

Back 119

Oxygen is the electron chain acceptor, if it is not present you cannot celluar respirate.

Front 120

At fertlization, a sperm and an egg fuse. The result is a ____.

Back 120

Zygote

Front 121

When homologous chromosomes come together and line up side- by- side it is called___.

Back 121

synapsis

Front 122

The end product of spermatogensis is/ are___.

Back 122

four gentically uniuqe sperm

Front 123

Which of the following form polar bodies?

Back 123

Oogenesis

Front 124

Down Syndrome is the most common type of____.

Back 124

Trisomy

Front 125

The haploid stage in the life cycle of a PLANT us called_____.

Back 125

gametophyte

Front 126

crossing over occurs during which phase of meiosis?

Back 126

prophase

Front 127

The production of eggs is also referred to as ___.

Back 127

oogenesis

Front 128

What is the result of nondisjunction?

Back 128

Changes in chromosome number

Front 129

When do homologous chromosomes seperate and move towards opposite poles?

Back 129

Anaphase, Meiosis I

Front 130

True or False: Mitosis results in 4 haploid daugther cells, whereas Meiosis results in 2 identical daughter cells.

Back 130

FALSE

Front 131

Which of the following human life cycle stages are haploid?

Back 131

Sperm and Egg

Front 132

What makes a person male?

Back 132

the presence of a Y chromosome

Front 133

The ___ of an organism refers to the individual's actual appearance

Back 133

Phenotype

Front 134

If an individual has an autosomal recessive disorder, which of the following would be their genotype?

Back 134

aa

Front 135

A red flower and a white flower produce a pink flower offspring. What is this type of inheritance called?

Back 135

incomplete dominance

Front 136

A one- trait test cross used to reveal the genotype of an individual displaying a ____ phenotype.

Back 136

Dominant

Front 137

Which of the following is an example of an autosomal chromosome?

Back 137

21

Front 138

True or False: A parent's genotype is AA for an autosomal dominant disorder. All of his children will have the disorder.

Back 138

True

Front 139

A trait where there are more than two alleles, but each individual only inherits two considered a / an:

Back 139

multiple allele inhertiance

Front 140

What is the probablitiy that a couple who are both heterozygous for Cystic Fibrosis ( autosomal recessive) will have a child who is affected?

Back 140

25%

Front 141

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a polygentic inhertiance trait?

a. it follows a bell-shaped curve

b. it is most influenced by the enviroment

c.most individuals will have extreme phenotypes

d.few individuals will have extreme phenotypes

Back 141

D

Front 142

A true breeding plant would be a plant that is ____.

Back 142

Homozygous dominant

Front 143

Which of the following is not found in a nucleotide?

Back 143

Amino acid

Front 144

Following the rules of complemntary base pairing, thymine would pair with which of the following?

Back 144

Adenine

Front 145

The leading strand of DNA is synthesized____..

Back 145

As one continuous strand

Front 146

This enzyme us responsible for "unzipping" or seperating dna strands.

Back 146

helicase

Front 147

DNA replication is said to be semiconservative. This means that____.

Back 147

Each new strand consist of 2 brand new strands

Front 148

The function of mRNA is :

Back 148

to copy a mesage from DNA

Front 149

Where is an anticodon found?

Back 149

on tRNA

Front 150

Introns are segments of DNA that___.

Back 150

are between the coding sequence and are removed during gene expression

Front 151

in which step of Translation is a polypeptide built , one amino acid at a time?

Back 151

elongation

Front 152

In which direction is DNA built?

Back 152

5' to 3'

Front 153

how is mRNA formed?

Back 153

Complementary base pairing with a DNA molecule

Front 154

A ____ mutation results when one or more nucleotis are inserted or deleted.

Back 154

carcinogen

Front 155

If a mutation occurs on a proto- oncogene ora tumor supressor gene, what will happen?

Back 155

this will cause cancer

Front 156

If a mutation occurs during DNA replication, because of a nucleotide mispairing this would be considered a:

Back 156

spontaneous mutation

Front 157

Which type of RNA has a cap, tail and only exons

Back 157

mature mRNA

Front 158

Which one of the following is NOT a ribosomal building site?

Back 158

C- Codon

Front 159

The signifiance of genetic variation is___.

Back 159

evolution / adaption

Front 160

Who was awarded the Nobel Prize for discovering the structure of DNA

Back 160

Watson, Crick

Front 161

Which is not a major component of the cell membrane?

Back 161

Sugar

Front 162

Which of the following affects the fludity of the plasma membrane?

Back 162

Cholesterol

Front 163

Osmosis is the movement of ____ across a selectively permeable membrane

Back 163

water

Front 164

which of the following types of endocytosis involves vesicle formation and the use of a coated pit?

Back 164

Receptor- mediated endocytosis

Front 165

What is the function of the bacteria body in a bacteria cell?

Back 165

store nutrients