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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many chromosomes in a human body
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24
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where are chromosome located?
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in the nucleus
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what does chromosomes contain?
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Long linear DNA strands along which genes are aligned.
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what happens to chromsomes during the cell cycle?
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They are duplicated
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What happens in a diploid organism?
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each chromosome occurs in two copies. Humans are an example
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How many chromosomes in a human body
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24 different chromosomes
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where are chromosome located?
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in the nucleus
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what does chromosomes contain?
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Long linear DNA strands along which genes are aligned.
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what happens to chromsomes during the cell cycle?
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They are duplicated
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What happens in a diploid organism?
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each chromosome occurs in two copies. Humans are an example
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What consists of the 24 chromosomes in a human?
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22 autosomes, and two sex chromosomes
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How many genes does a human genome contain?
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30,000 genes
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what is a diploid cell?
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A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
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definition of mitosis
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The process where a single cell divides into two identical cells containing the same number of chromosomes and genetic content as that of the original cell
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what is a haploid cell ?
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one set of chromosomes
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What happens in Interphase mitosis?
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Chromosomes are uncondensed, and active. Three subphases
1. G1. Cell growth 2. S phase: duplication of DNA, forming sister chromatids within each chromosome 3. G2: preceding next phase in mitosis |
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What happens in Prophase mitosis?
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Condensation of the chromosomes.
Also, each chromosome now consists of two sister chromatides connecting at the centromer. The nuclear envelope disappears. |
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What happens in metaphase mitosis?
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Chromsomes align at cell equator, connected to microtubules forming the spindle apparatus that stretched from on cell pole to the other.
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what happens in anaphase mitosis?
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centromeres split and sister chromatides are pulled to opposite poles of the cell.
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What happens in telophase mitosis?
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Chromosomes decondense. Nuclear membranes assmable. and Cytokinesis starts
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Cytokinesis
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Its the division of the cytoplasm, giving rise to two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes. Daughter cells enter next interphase
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How do plant cells divide?
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Plant cells divide forming a cell plate between the daughter nuclei
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how do animal cells divide?
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Animal cells divide forming a cleavage furrow.
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What are the building blocks of DNA?
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Nucleotides have three conponents
1.Five- carbon sugar 2. phosphate group 3. nitrogen- containg base |
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What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
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Adenine
Thymine Guanine Cytosine A&T G&C |
