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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Protien components - channel proteins
-Globular Proteins
-Some are always opened and some are gated
-allow water and substances that dissolve in it to pass
Carrier Proteins
-Transports substances across membrane
-closed until a molecule bonds to them, causing them to change shape.
Receptor Proteins
Globular Proteins that are a receptor for chemical messengers
Recognition Proteins
-glycoprotein (protein+carbohydrate)
-marks cells as self
Enzymatic Proteins
Globular proteins that act as catalysts
Different types of proteins (5)
1) Channel Proteins
2) Carrier Proteins
3) Receptor Proteins
4) Recognition Proteins
5)Enzymatic Proteins
Function of a membrane
selective permiability, allows and prevents certain substances to cross, and aids certain ones.
Diffusion
Movement of a substance from a higher area of concentration to a lower area of concentration
dynamic equalibrium
fully difused no kinetic energy
Osmosis
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
H2O moves through open channel proteins of membrane
Solvent
Substance in which other substances are dissolved
Solute
Substance being dissolved
Solution
solvent + solute
Hypertonic Solution
Solution containing more solute than the solution to which it is compared
hypotonic solution
solution containing less solute than the solution to which it is compared
Isotonic Solution
Solution containing the same amount as the solution it is compared
Turgor
Swelling of the cell due to intake of H2O
plasmolysis
shrinkage of a cell due to a loss of H2O
Inhibition
swelling of substance due to adhesion of molecules
Facilitated Transport
Movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration using a carrier protein
Active Transport
Movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration using a carrier protein with energy from ATP
Exocytosis
Movement out of a cell by fusion of a vesicle with the cell membrane (requires ATP)
Endocytosis
Movement of a substance into a cell by formation of a vesicle (requires ATP)
Phagocytosis - solid
Pinocytosis - liquid
Receptor
mediate endocytosis - a form of pinocytosis using receptor proteins to bind the molecules being taken in.
Cell Wall Structure (3 layers)
1) Primary Cell Wall
2) Middle Lamella
3) Secondary Cell Wall
Primary Cell Wall
-located outside of cell membrane
-mostly cellulose
Middle Lamella
-area between two adjacent cells
-mostly pectins(polysaccharides)
Plasmodesmata (in plant cells)
Channels through cell walls containing cytoplasmic strands and lined with plasma membrane