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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the resolution do on a microscope?
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Clarity; makes sharper and clearer, result in power is better, better of the two
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What does the magnification on a microscope do?
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Larger; makes visible to the human eye
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What does a scanon electron microscope do?
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Surface detail
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What does a transmission electron microscope do?
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Internal detail
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What is the cell theory?
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All living things are composed of cells and all cells come from other cells.
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What is the diameter for most cells?
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10-100 microns
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As a cell size increases what happens?
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The volume of the cell increases faster then the surface area
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What do plant cells have?
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Chloroplast and cell walls
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What do animal cells have?
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Centriollies
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What is Chromatin?
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Long fibers of DNA and protein
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What does the golgi apparatus do?
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Packages and modifies proteins and stores substances
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What do lysosomes do?
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Help to digest worn out organelles; all of the above
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What is the function of chloroplasts?
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Photosynthesis
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What is the function of mitochondria?
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Cellular respiration
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What happens if a cell lacks ribosomes?
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It cannot synthesis proteins
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What is the cytoskeleton responsible for and what is it made up of?
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Cell shape, organization and movement; made up of 3 proteins- microtubules, actin filaments and intermediate filaments
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What is kinetic energy?
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Energy of motion
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What is potential energy?
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Standing energy
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What are two types of chemical reactions that give energy?
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Exergonic and endogonic
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What is ATP?
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The energy currency of most cells
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What is phosphoralation?
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When you transfer a phosphate to another organic compound
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What lowers activation energy?
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When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction
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What is the substrate?
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The active site of an enzyme
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Which of the following can affect rate of enzymatic reaction?
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All of the above
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What is selectively permeable?
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Plasma membrane chooses what comes in and goes out
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What are the functions of a plasma membrane?
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NOT the control center of the cell
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What is considered a passive process?
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Diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion (filtration)
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This requires facilitation across the membrane?
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Transport protein goes down
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What is isotonic?
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Solute and water concentrations are the same.
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What is hypotonic?
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Low solute concentration, high water
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What is hypertonic?
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High solute concentration, low water.
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Active transport?
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Uses ATP as energy source; all of the above
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Balloon?
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Water will flow from balloon to _______.
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What is pinocytosis?
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Cell drinking
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What is phagocytosis?
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Cell eating
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What is oxidation?
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The loss of electrons
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What is reduction?
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The gain of electrons
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What are two enzymes that are involved in rodox reaction?
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Oxidase and dehydrogenase
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What is substrate-level phosphorylation?
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Glycolysis
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What is another name for krebs cycle?
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Citric acid cycle
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What is the result of glycolysis?
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The breakdown of a 6 carbon sugar into 2 3 carbon sugars; anarobic
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What is the krebs cycle?
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Extraction of electrical energy - complete breakdown of carbon; aerobic
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At the end of the krebs cycle, most energy is stored in?
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NADH and FADH2
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In ETC, whats the finale electron acceptor?
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Oxygen
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What causes muscle soreness?
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Lactic acid
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How is glucose broke down?
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Three steps; Glycolysis, kreb's cycle and ETC
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What happens in the mitochondria?
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Aerobic phase of respiration takes place
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What is the ETC?
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Conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP; aerobic
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What is the net production of ATP after glycolysis?
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2
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What is the net production of ATP after kreb's cycle?
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2
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What is the net production of ATP after ETC?
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34
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The kreb's cycle is the source for which we exhale?
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CO2
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Overall equation for photosynthesis is?
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6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
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What are the end results of light reaction?
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ATP, NADPH and O2
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What are the end results of dark reaction?
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Glucose
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What is the difference between photostystem 1 and photosystem 2?
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Photosystem 1 is P700 and photosystem 2 is P680
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Where do plants get carbon from?
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Carbon Dioxide
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Where at in the cell does cellular respiration occur?
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Glycolysis- cytoplasm
Kreb's cycle- matrix of mitochondria ETC- cristae of mitochondria |
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What is fermentation?
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An anerobic process that results in the production of alcohol or acids
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What is photosynthesis and where does it take place?
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The process by which plants use light energy to produce glucose; chloroplasts
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