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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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biosphere |
the entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the planet's ecosystems
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ecosystem
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all the organisms in a given area, along with the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its physical environment
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community
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an assemblage of all the organisms living together and potentially interacting in a particular area
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population
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a group of individuals belonging to one species and living in the same geographic area
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organism
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an individual living thing, such as a bacterium, fungus, protist, plant, or animal
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organ system
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a group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions
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organ
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a structure consisting of several tissues adapted as a group to perform specific function
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tissues
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an integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both
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organelle
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a membrane-enclosed structure with a specialized function within a cell
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molecule
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a group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
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cell
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a basic unit of living matter separated from its environment by a plasma membrane; the fundamental structural unit of life
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emergent properties
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new properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
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producer
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an organism that makes organic food molecules from CO2, H2O, and other inorganic raw materials:a plant, alga, or autotrophic prokaryote
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consumer
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an organism that obtains its food by eating plants or by eating animals that have eaten plants
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systems biology
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an approach to studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems
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prokaryotic cell
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a type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea
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eukaryotic cell
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a type of cell that has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles. all organisms except bacteria and archaea are composed of eukaryotic cells
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gene
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a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses). most of the genes of a eukaryote are located in its chromosomal DNA; a few are carried by the DNA of a mitochondria and chloroplasts
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