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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell.
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somatic
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Pair of duplicate chromosomes from the male and female in normal diploid cells is called?
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homologous chromosomes.
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Sex cells are produced in only specific locations in the body, i.e. the ...
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sex organs
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Any cell that will eventually give rise to a sex cell is said to be a ... cell.
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germ
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Once fertilization has taken place the fertilized egg is called a ...
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zygote
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When the new individual becomes sexually mature, i.e. undergoes ..., the sex organs become activated by hormones that are circulating in the blood.
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puberty
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... is a general term that refers to the production of gametes such as sex cells, i.e. sperm cells and egg cells.
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Gametogenesis
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... is the term that refers to all of the steps in the production of fully functional sperm cells.
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Spermatogenesis
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Each of the two secondary ... cells undergo the second division of meiosis to produce two ...
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spermatocyte, spermatids
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Spermatogenesis occurs in the lining of the ... of the testes.
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seminiferous tubules
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The anterior portion of the sperm cell develops a specialized region called the ... that will assist in the penetration of the egg cell.
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acrosome
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After the spermatozoa are fully formed they are stored in the ... on the posterior surface of the testes.
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epididymis
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... is the term that refers to all of the steps in the production of fully functional egg cells.
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Oogenesis
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The secondary oocyte cell undergoes the second division of meiosis to produce an egg cell and a second ...
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polar body
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Upon ... (the release of the secondary oocyte from the ovary) the secondary oocyte is passed into the ...
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ovulation, oviduct
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A long coiled tube into which sperm pass from the testis and are stored until mature and ejaculated.
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epididymis
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An organelle at the tip of a sperm cell that helps the sperm penetrate the egg.
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acrosome
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The cell division process that an organism uses for growth and cell replacement is called?
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Mitosis
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The cell division process that an organism uses for the production of sex cells is called
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Meiosis
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If a cell has 24 chromosomes before it goes through meiosis, there will be ___ cell(s), (each) with ___ chromosomes after meiosis.
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4, 12
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Reduction-division refers to the process of
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Reducing the number of chromosomes from the diploid to the haploid state
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Normal body cells have two sets of chromosomes, called
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Homologous chromosomes
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During which phase of meiosis do we observe crossing over?
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Prophase I
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The physical evidence, observable in a microscope, that crossing over has occurred is called
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A chiasma
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During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate from each other?
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Anaphase I
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Which of the following is not a difference between mitosis and meiosis?
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The amount of DNA produced during the S phase
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Humans have a ___ life cycle. Plants have a ___ life cycle. Fungi have a ___ life cycle.
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Gametic, sporic, zygotic
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What process results in the production of one functional gamete and two polar bodies?
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Oogenesis
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