Biology (1 Unit)

Front 1

What are three cell theroies?

Back 1

1) All living things are comosed of cells
2) Cell is the smallest unit of life
3) Cells come from cells

Front 2

Prokaryotes

Back 2

single celled microorganism that lacks a nuclues.
Ex: Bacteria

Front 3

Eukaryotes

Back 3

Organism whose cell contains a nucleus
Example: Animal, Plant

Front 4

Nuclear Envelope

Back 4

Double layer membrane surrounding nuclues.

Front 5

Autotrophs

Back 5

Organism that can use energy sunlight (or chemicals) to make its own food

Front 6

Heterotrophs

Back 6

Organism that obtains energy from food it consumes

Front 7

ATP

Back 7

short term energy storage, chemical compound of living things

Front 8

Glucose

Back 8

Long term energy storage 90 times more energy that ATP.

Front 9

Longest energy storage

Back 9

fats and ail

Front 10

other energy storage

Back 10

Nadp+2e+H- NADPH

NAD+e+H-NADH

Front 11

Photosynthesis

Back 11

6Co2+6H2O-C6H12O6+6O2

Front 12

Cellular Respiration

Back 12

Process that realeses energy by breaking down food mellecules in presence of oxygen

Front 13

Glycolysis

Back 13

Glucose is broken down in half, producing two molecules of pyruvice acid.

Front 14

Cell Growth and division

Back 14

cannot become too large- too much info

Material excharnge(food, o2, H20)

Front 15

Interphase

Back 15

in between devision, period of growth

Front 16

Prophase

Back 16

worms
1.Cromitin condenses into chromosomes
2. centrios seperate, spindles begin to form
3. nuclear envelope breaks down

Front 17

Metaphse

Back 17

1. chromantin condences into chromosomes
2.Spindle fibers connected to centromes
3. no nuclear membrane

Front 18

Anaphase

Back 18

sister chromatids seperate and move apart

Front 19

Telephase

Back 19

1. Chromosomes gather at oppisite ends
2.Chromosomes lose distinct shape
3. Nuclear envelope reforms

Front 20

Cytokinesis

Back 20

"division of cytoplasm into new daughter cells"
A.)cytoplasm pinches in half
B. Each new cell has identicle set of duplicate chromosomes.

Front 21

Order of process

Back 21

interphase, prophase,maetaphase,anaphase telephase,cytokinesis

Front 22

Meiosis

Back 22

process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half trough the seperation of homoglous chromosomes in a diploid cell

Front 23

Meiosis two

Back 23

process by which gametes are formed

one cell becomes four gametes

Front 24

Homologous

Back 24

the matchin chromosomes from each parent (1 male-1 female)

Front 25

Diploid

Back 25

cell that contains both sets of chromosomes- 2N

Front 26

Gamete

Back 26

Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction- sperm/eggs

Front 27

Haploid

Back 27

cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes 1N

Front 28

Tetrad

Back 28

structure contaning 4 chromatids

Front 29

Phases of Meiosis

Back 29

tow phases

Front 30

Prophase 1

Back 30

each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome to form a tetrad

Front 31

Anaphase 1

Back 31

homoglons chromosomes pulled apart

Front 32

Meiosis 2

Back 32

results in 4 haploid daughter cells