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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Allele
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Alternate forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism
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Amniocentesis
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A procedure in which a small sample of amniotic fluid is drawn out of the uterus through a needle inserted in the abdomen
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Carrier
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An individual heterozygous for a specific trait
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Chorion Villi Sampling
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A parental test to detect birth defects at an early stage of pregnancy
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Codominance
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A condition in which both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, with neither one being dominant or recessive to the other
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Complete dominance
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Observed trait of an organism that masks the recessive form of a trait.
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Crossing over
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Exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids from homologus chromosomes during phase 1 of meiosis
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Deletion
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Type of mutation that results in deletion of a single nucleotide
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Dipoloid
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Cellwith two of each kind of chromosome
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Dihybrid cross
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Hybridization using two traits of two alleles each
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Dominant Trait
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Observed trait of organism that masks the recessive form of a trait
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First Filial or F1 Generation
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The first generation of offspring after mating of two types of parents with different genotypes
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Gene Sequencing
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Technique used to find the sequence of nucleotide bases in DNA
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Gene Therapy
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Insertion of normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders
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Genetic screening
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Process of testing to find out if they carry genes for certain known genetic disorders
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Haploid
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Cell with one of each kind of chromosome
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Hetrozygous
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When there are two different alleles for a trait
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Homologus chromosomes
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Paired chromosomes with genes for the same trait arranged in the same order
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Human Genome project
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Mapping of approximately 80,000 genes on 46 human chromosomes
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Hybrid
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Offspring formed by parents having different forms of a trait
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Incomplete Dominance
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A condition in which neither alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are completely dominant
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Inheritance
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Traits acquired from parents
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Pedigree
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Graphical representation of genetic inheritance used to map genetic traits
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Recessive Trait
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Trait of an organism that can be masked by the dominant form of a trait
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Second Filial or F2 generation
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Generation of offspring which results from mating of members of F1 generation
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Multiple Allele
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Presence of more than two alleles for a general trait
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Mutation
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Any change or random error in a DNA sequence
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Chorion Villi Sampling
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A parental test to detect birth defects at an early stage of pregnancy
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Addition
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Type of mutation that results in addition of a single nucleotide
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Inversion
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Mutation in which a segment is rotated by 180 degrees
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