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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Allele
Alternate forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism
Amniocentesis
A procedure in which a small sample of amniotic fluid is drawn out of the uterus through a needle inserted in the abdomen
Carrier
An individual heterozygous for a specific trait
Chorion Villi Sampling
A parental test to detect birth defects at an early stage of pregnancy
Codominance
A condition in which both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, with neither one being dominant or recessive to the other
Complete dominance
Observed trait of an organism that masks the recessive form of a trait.
Crossing over
Exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids from homologus chromosomes during phase 1 of meiosis
Deletion
Type of mutation that results in deletion of a single nucleotide
Dipoloid
Cellwith two of each kind of chromosome
Dihybrid cross
Hybridization using two traits of two alleles each
Dominant Trait
Observed trait of organism that masks the recessive form of a trait
First Filial or F1 Generation
The first generation of offspring after mating of two types of parents with different genotypes
Gene Sequencing
Technique used to find the sequence of nucleotide bases in DNA
Gene Therapy
Insertion of normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders
Genetic screening
Process of testing to find out if they carry genes for certain known genetic disorders
Haploid
Cell with one of each kind of chromosome
Hetrozygous
When there are two different alleles for a trait
Homologus chromosomes
Paired chromosomes with genes for the same trait arranged in the same order
Human Genome project
Mapping of approximately 80,000 genes on 46 human chromosomes
Hybrid
Offspring formed by parents having different forms of a trait
Incomplete Dominance
A condition in which neither alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are completely dominant
Inheritance
Traits acquired from parents
Pedigree
Graphical representation of genetic inheritance used to map genetic traits
Recessive Trait
Trait of an organism that can be masked by the dominant form of a trait
Second Filial or F2 generation
Generation of offspring which results from mating of members of F1 generation
Multiple Allele
Presence of more than two alleles for a general trait
Mutation
Any change or random error in a DNA sequence
Chorion Villi Sampling
A parental test to detect birth defects at an early stage of pregnancy
Addition
Type of mutation that results in addition of a single nucleotide
Inversion
Mutation in which a segment is rotated by 180 degrees