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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Taxonomy
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The science of naming and classifying organisms.
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Taxon
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A group of organisms.
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Binomial Nomenclature
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A system that gives each species a two-part scientific name using Latin words.
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Genus
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includes one or more physically similar species that are thought to be closely related.
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Phylogeny
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The evolutionary history for a group of species.
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Cladistics
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Classification based on common ancestry.
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Cladogram
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An evolutionary tree that proposes how species may be related to each other through common ancestors.
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Derived Characters
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Traits that can be used to figure out evolutionary relationships among a group of species are those that are shared by some species but are not present in others.
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Molecular Clocks
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Models that use mutation rates to measure evolutionary time.
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Mitochondrial DNA
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DNA found only in mitochondria, the energy factories of the cells.
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Ribosomal RNA
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Ribosomes, the organelles that manufacture proteins in cells.
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Bacteria
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Includes single-celled prokaryotes in the kingdom Bacteria.
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Archaea
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are single-celled prokaryotes.
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Eukarya
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made up of all organisms with eukaryotic cells.
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