Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
How does the nervous system maintain a highly controlled environment? |
The blood brain barrier Layers of protection around nerves Cerebrospinal fluid |
Three things |
|
|
Name the Meningeal layers |
Bone Dura mater Arachnoid mater Pia mater |
Four layers |
|
|
Describe the dura mater |
A meningeal layer Thick Durable Under skull |
It is a Meningeal layer |
|
|
Describe the arachnoid mater |
Meningeal layer Smooth Lies over the brain like a sheet |
A Meningeal layer |
|
|
Describe the pia mater |
A Meningeal layer Clings to the brain surface Contains blood vessels |
A Meningeal layer |
|
|
Where is cerebrospinal fluid renewed? |
In the choroid plexus |
C.... P..... |
|
|
What is the blood brain barrier composed of? |
Tight junctions and astrocyte foot processes |
A junction Some feet |
|
|
To enter through the blood brain barrier, a compound must be? |
Lipophilic Less than 500 da in size Able to evade active extrusion |
A chemical property A physical properly A behavioural property |
|
|
The nervous system is an information processing machine. ------ information comes in, and -------- information comes out. |
Sensory Motor |
|
|
|
Neurons can vary in: |
Number of dendrites Length of axon Size of soma (cell body) |
|
|
|
The cortex is comprised of how many layers? |
6, plus the white matter |
|
|
|
Describe cortex layer 1 |
Axons and dendrites, few cell bodies |
This is the topmost layer of the cortex |
|
|
Describe the cortex layer 2 |
Densely packed stellate cells, small pyramidal cells |
Contains stellate cells and pyramidal cells, but how many and what size? |
|
|
Describe the cortex layer 3 |
Loosely packed stellate cells, medium pyramidal cells |
Stellate cells and pyramidal cells, but how many and what size? |
|
|
Describe the cortex layer 4 |
Bands of loosely packed stellate cells, no pyramidal cells |
No pyramidal cells in this layer |
|
|
Describe the cortex layer 5 |
Few loosely packed stellate cells, very large pyramidal cells |
Stellate cells and pyramidal cells, but how many and what size? |
|
|
Describe the cortex layer 6 |
Loosely packed stellate cells, various sized pyramidal cells |
Stellate and pyramidal cells, but how many and what size? pyramidal cells, but how many and what size? |
|
|
Why do reflexes bypass the brain? |
To produce a faster response |
The brain has to process..... |
|
|
Describe a simple reflex circuit for touching something hot |
Hand touches hot thing Sensory neuron detects heat Sensory neurons send information to Interneurons in spinal cord relay information straight to motor neurons Motor neurons cause hand to move away |
Does not involve the brain |
|
|
Describe the circuit for reading aloud |
Occipital cortex reads words Parietal and temporal cortices integrate information and understanding Language and motor centres produce speech |
Seeing the words, understanding the words, then producing a response |
|
|
Homunculus |
The map of the body in the sensory and motor cortices. More space on the cortices relates to finer movement or sensing |
|
|
|
Which would be largest on a sensory homunculus? Torso Hands Tongue Feet |
Tongue |
|
|
|
Which of these would be largest on a motor homunculus? Torso Genitals Fingers Legs |
Fingers |
|
|
|
What does the dorsal visual stream process? |
The "WHERE" |
Where or what |
|
|
What does the ventral visual stream process? |
The "WHAT" |
Where or what |
|
|
Name the two main types of nervous system |
The central nervous system The Peripheral Nervous system |
|
|
|
Name the two parts of the CNS |
Brain Spinal cord |
|
|
|
What is the function of the brain in the Nervous system? |
Interpretation and storage of information Sending signals to the body |
Not just sending signals |
|
|
What is the function of the spinal cord in the nervous system? |
Connects the brain and body |
Connectivity of what? |
|
|
Name the two components of the PNS |
The autonomic division The somatic division |
|
|
|
What is the function of the autonomic division in the nervous system? |
Regulates internal environment Carries information from the CNS to organs, blood vessels and glands |
Autonomic is automated |
|
|
What is the function of the somatic division in the nervous system? |
Carries information from the CNS to the muscles Carries information from the body to the CNS |
Both efferent and afferent signals |
|
|
Name the two components of the autonomic nervous system |
Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system |
|
|
|
What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system? |
Arouses the body |
|
|
|
What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system |
Calms the body after arousal Saves energy |
|
|
|
How does short distance communication travel in the body? |
In neurons Through the nervous system |
|
|
|
How does long distance communication travel in the body? |
Through hormones in the blood The endocrine system |
|
|
|
What are the two types of receptors? |
Ionotropic Metabotropic |
|
|
|
How does an ionotropic neuron work? |
Neurotransmitter binds to an ion channel and opens it |
|
|
|
How does a metabotropic receptor work? |
A receptor is activated that activates an ion channel or a second messenger |
Can do two things |
|
|
At rest, is a neuron is positive, negative, or neutral inside? |
Negative |
|
