Biol Lab Quiz Mitosis

Front 1

binary fission

Back 1

in prokaryotes, cell cycle occurs through a process called

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binary fission

Back 2

form of asexual cell division that involves first dna replication followed by cell growth and division

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mitosis

Back 3

the process of asexual cell division in eukaryotes is called

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interphase

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a period of growth and dna replication

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18-24

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the cell cycle takes about blank hours

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1-2

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the mitotic portion takes blank hours

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g1

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normal function, growing

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s

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dna replication, dna synthesis

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g2

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growth and preparation for division

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m

Back 10

mitosis. divides nucleus. short period of cell cycle

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g2 of interphase

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growth stage, cell produces proteins and enzymes that will be required for cell division

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prophase

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first stage of mitosis; chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes visible witha light microscope, the mitotic spindle begins to fomr, and the nucleolus disappears but the nuclues remains intact

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prometaphase

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2nd stage of mitosis, in which the nuclear envelope fragments and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes

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metaphase

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3rd stage of mitosis, the spindle is complete and the chromosomes attached to microtubles at their kinetochores are all aligned at the metaphase plate

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anaphase

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fourth stage of mitosis in which the chromatids of each chromosome have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell

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telophase

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5th stage of mitosis in whcih the daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun

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cytokinesis in animal

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occur by a process known as cleavege, with development of cleavage furrow whcih pinches the cytoplasm into two separate cells

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cytokinesis in plant

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vesicles fuse to form a cell plate between the two nuclei dividing the cytoplasm into two cells

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dna replication

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occurs during interphase before mitosis begins

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diploid

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each cell has paired homologous chromosomes. each cell requires the presence of two parents

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interphase

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cells increase in mass, organelles duplicated, dna synthesized, chromosomes duplicated, chromosome and duplicate joined at centromere (together considered 1 chromosome with sister chromatids)

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prophase

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chromosomes condense and become visible, nuclear membrane disappears, spindle forms, in animal centriole pairs move to either end of the spindle

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metaphase

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chromosomes align in a plane that is perpendicular to the center of the spindle

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anaphase

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sister chromatids split at centromere and travel to opposite ends of the spindle. each chromatid now considered a full chromosome

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telophase

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chromosomes arrive at ends of spindle and spindle begins to disassemble new nuclear membranes formed around chromosomes and chromosomes uncoil. cytokinesis/ cell division begins at the cleavage furrown in animal and cell plate in plants

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yeast budding

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often results in the formation of a large daughter cell and a small daughter cell or two cells of unequal size

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mitosis

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how are the daughter cells produced from budding in eukaryotic yeast cells

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binary fission

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bacteria which are prokaryotes dont undergo mitosis or budding but undergo asexual reproduction called

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centromere

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since bacterial dna is circular, unlike eukaryotic dna, the process of fission doesn't involve structures like the

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spindle formation and sister chromatids

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binary fission is different from mitosis because it doesn't include

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stages

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binary fission is faster than mitosis and doesn't have blank

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centrioles, asters, spindle fibers

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animals have which parts

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spindle fibers, no centioles, no asters

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plant cells have which parts

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interphase

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in which phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes duplicated

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cytokinesis

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division of the cell occurs after mitosis to two separate cells

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telphase

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in which stage of the cell cycle does cytokinesis occur

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faster

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the higher the mitotic index, the blank the cancer grows

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ovarian

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fastest growing/highest mitotic index

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lung

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slowest growing cancer/ lowest mitotic index