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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of hormones are not lipid sluble?
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catecholaimnes
Peptide Hormones |
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What are they three types of second messengers?
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Cyclic-AMP (cAMP)
Cyclic-CMP (cGMP) Calcium Ions |
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What group Hormones are not lipid soluble? (TWO)
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Catecholamines and peptide hormones
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What are the three types of secondary messengers?
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cyclic-AMP (cAMP)
cyclic-GMP (cGMP) Calcium Ions |
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The Link between the first messenger and the second messenger generally involves What?
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G Protein
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When a G protein activates Adenylate Cyclase, What does this do?
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This converts ATP into cyclic-AMP.
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What is the enzyme that inactivates cylic-AMP?
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Phosphodiesterase (PDE)
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Within the G protein, when it comes to calcium levels, what enzyme is activated?
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Phospholipase C (PLC)
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What is the enzyme that opens the calcium channels?
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Protein kinase C (PKC)
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Are steroid hormones lipid Solube?
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Yes
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What do steroid Hormones do within the target cell?
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They alter the rate of DNA transcription in the nucleus, thus changing the pattern of protein synthesis?
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How does Thyroid hormones differ from Steroid hormones?
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They bind to Mitochondria, whic then produces more ATP.
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What are the three different types of stimuli, and how do the function?
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Humoral Stimuli-changes in ectracellular fluid
Hormonal Stimuli-arrival or removal or hormones) Neural Stimuli-Arrival of NT at neuroglandular junctions |
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What does the nine hormones of the pituatary use as a second messenger?
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the cAMP
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What is the anterior lobe of the pituatary called?
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adenohypophysis
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What are the capillary beds around the pituitary called, and what is the meaning of this?
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fenestrated capillaries, these have big windows for the hormones to enter.
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What are the seven hormones of the adenohypophonysis?
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Thyroid-stimulations adrenocorticotropic
follicle-stimulating growth hormone melanocyte stimulating |
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What is the development of thyroid-stimulating hormone?
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hypothalamus -R>
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone -T> anterior pituitary -R> thyroid stimulating hormone -T> thyroid gland -R> Thyroid hormones |
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What is the development of Adrenocorticotropic hormone?
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Hypothalamus -R>
Corticotropin-releasing hormone -T> anterior pituitary -R> Adrenocorticotropic -T> Adrenal Cortex -R> Steroid hormones |
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hypogonadism is when?
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The release if Gonadotropin-releasing hormone is not produces, so puberty is stopped.
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What are the two types of Gonadtropin-releasing hormones?
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Luteinizing hormone
follicle-stimulating hormone |
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What is the NT that inhibits Prolactin to stop being produced?
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Dopamine is the prolactin-inhibiting hormone
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What is the premary mechanism of Growth hormone?
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liver cells respond to the presence of GH by synthesizing and releasing somatomedins.
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What are somatomedins?
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Are peptide hormones that bind to receptor sires on a varitey of cell membranes. Usually talking about Growth Hormone.
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What are the three direct actions of growth hormone?
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1. Stimulates stem cell division and the differentiantion of duaghter cells.
2. Stimulates the breakdown of stored triglycerides by adipocytes, which release fatty acids into the blood. 3.stimulates the breakdown of glycogen reserves by liver cells, which then release glucose into the bloodstream. |
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Melanocyte-stimulationg hormone comes from where and controls what?
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the anterior pituitary
important in the control of skin pigmentation |
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the posterior lobe of the pituitary is called what?
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Neurohypophysis
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Antidiuretic hormones is released in response to what?
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Rise in the solute concentration in the blood or a fall in the blood volume or blood pressure
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Oxytocin does what two things with a pregnant women?
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Stimulates smooth muscle contraction in the wall of the uterus, promoting labor and delivery.
stimulates the contraction of myoepithelial cells around the secretory alveoli and the ducts of the mammary glands, promoting the ejection of milk. |
