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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At what temperature do psychrophiles grow?
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-5 to 20 C
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What can still grow at 0 to 5 C?
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psychrophiles
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At what temperature do mesophiles grow?
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20 to 45 C
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What can grow at body temperature
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mesophile
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What is human body temperature
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37C
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What are the 2 groups of mesophiles
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opt growth 20 to 30 C
opt growth 35 to 40 C |
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What are bacterial species that will grow at 35C and above
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thermophiles
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What will grow at 37 C with an opt growth temp of 45 to 60 C
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facultative thermophiles
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What will grow only at temps above 50 C with opt temp of 60 C
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obligate thermophiles
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What are mos that require the presence of atmospheric oxygen
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aerobes
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What requires limited amounts of atmospheric oxygen for growth and oxygen in excess blocks the activities of their enzymes and results in death?
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microaerophiles
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What require the absence of free oxygen for growth because they use something other than O2 to act as the final electron acceptor and the presence of atmospheric oxygen results in the formation of toxic end products?
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obligate anaerobes
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What are not killed by oxygen by do not use oxygen?
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aerotolerant anaerobes
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What enzymes help mos survive oxygen?
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catalase and superoxide dismutase
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What does catalase do?
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breaks down H2O2
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What does superoxide dismutase do?
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makes 2 O2 and 2 H+ to make H2O2 and O2
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What binds O2
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Na thioglycollate
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What is used to cultivate anaerobes
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fluid thioglycollate
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What is the reducing agent in thioglycollate?
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Na thioglycollate
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What does Na thioglycollate do?
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chemically binds to dissolved O2 and reduces OR potential
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What is the OR indicator in fluid thioglycollate medium?
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resazurin (or methylene blue)
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What changes color in response to oxidation/reduction potential in a medium?
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OR indicator
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What is oxidized?
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has color
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What is reduced?
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no color
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What color does methylene blue turn when oxidized?
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blue
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What color does litmus turn when oxidized?
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pink or blue
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What happens if you shake the thioglycollate broth when finished?
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it will all turn pink
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What grows at the top of the thioglycollate broth?
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aerobes
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What grows at the bottom of the thioglycollate broth?
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anaerobic
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What grows in the middle of the thioglycollate broth?
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facultative anaerobes
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What grows throughout the thioglycollate broth?
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aerotolerant
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What grows under the surface of teh thioglycollate broth?
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microaerophile
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What temp does pseudomonas flourescens grow at?
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20 to 35 C
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What temp does E coli grow at?
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20 and 37 C
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What type of bacteria is bacillus atearothermophilus?
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thermophile
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WHat type of bacteria is E coli
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mesophile
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What type of bacteria is serratia marcescens?
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mesophile
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What type of bacteria is micrococcus luteus?
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aerobe
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What type of bacteria is E coli
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facultative anaerobe
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WHat type of bacteria is streptococcus lactis
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aerotolerant
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What type of bacteria is Clostridium perfringens
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anaerobe
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What type of bacteria can grow in the candle jar
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E coli and streptococcus lactis, and some micrococcus luteus
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What type of bacteria can grow in the biobag?
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E coli and streptococcus lactis and some C perfringens
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What is released in the biobag
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release CO2 and H2
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What is in the biobag
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palladium catalyst
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What does palladium catalyst do?
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combines H2 and O2 and makes H2O
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What is the OR indicator in the biobag
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resazurin
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How do you know when the O2 in the biobag is removed?
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becomes colorless from resazurin
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What turns pink with O2
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resazurin
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Why is thioglycollate used to grow mos with different O2 requirements?
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can bind O2 so that there is no O2 on bottom and oxygen on top so anaerobic can grow
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What can only grow on the top of thioglycollate broth
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aerobes
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What can anaerobic grow in?
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biobag/ gaspak/ anaerobic jar/chamber
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What is shown if an organism makes strach
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big clear zone
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What happens to amylase production do if there is glucose
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shuts off
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What is used to detect starch on the starch agar plate?
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iodine- turns purple
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What degrades starch
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amylase
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What can use glucose and doesn't need amylase?
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bacillus
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What are competent cells?
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cell wall and membrane porous
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What are 2 methods used to make competent cells?
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cold and heat shock with CaCl2 and electroporation
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What metho do you use in this lab
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cold and heat shock
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What are the 2 marker enes on pBLU plasmid
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ampR and B galactosidase
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What are teh function of beta galactosidase and beta lactimase
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b gal turns X gal blue and beta lactamase has amp R
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Why do transformed cells become resistant to ampicillin and gain ability to produce b galactosidase?
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pBLU plasmid gained genes become resistant and make B gal
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What substrate was used in teh medium to detect B gal activity?
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X gal
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HOw can you tell which bacterial colony produces B gal on LB amp X gal agar blue?
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they'll be blue
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WHat is the reason to use ampicillin in the agar plate to detect transformed cells
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ampR cells will still grow because they are transformed
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What does X gal combine with and make?
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B galactosidase--> blue product
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WHat color will mutant colonies be
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white
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What will show gas production in a broth?
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gas bubble in urine tube
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What turns black when you add iron?
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H2S
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What is in a TSI slant
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0.1 % glu
1% lac 1% suc |
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Why will the slant turn red later after it was yellow
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used up all the sugar and now it will start using protein and will make an alkaline product
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What sugar is present if litmus is pink
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lactose
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