Biol 2120 Endocrinology Test

Front 1

Cells that the secreted hormone effects

Back 1

Target Cells

Front 2

Target Cells posses:

Back 2

Hormone-specific receptors

Front 3

Hormones that are synthesized from cholesterol:

Back 3

Steroids

Front 4

Protein made in the liver that binds to and transports steroids within the blood:

Back 4

Albumin

Front 5

Hormones that are made of chain of amino acids

Back 5

Peptide

Front 6

Simple hormones that are synthesized from amino acids

Back 6

Monoamine

Front 7

Monoamine include:

Back 7

(tyrosine)
Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Front 8

7 Major Endocrine Glands

Back 8

Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Adrenal
Pancreas
Gonads
Others

Front 9

2 types of Pituitary Glands

Back 9

Anterior Pituitary (AP)
Posterior Pituitary (PP)

Front 10

The pituitary gland hands from the hypothalamus by way of the:

Back 10

infundibulum

Front 11

AP releases:

Back 11

FSH, LH, GH, and Prolactin

Front 12

Adrenal Glands (Above Kidneys) Secrete:

Back 12

Cortisol, Epinephrine, Testosterone, Aldosterone

Front 13

Pancreas secrets:

Back 13

Insuin

Front 14

Gonads Secrete:

Back 14

testosterone in testis
estrogen and progesterone in ovaries

Front 15

Other hormones such as skin secrete:

Back 15

Vit D

Front 16

Part of Pituitary gland that contains axon endings of neurosecretory cells:

Back 16

PP

Front 17

AP secrete special kind of hormones called:

Back 17

gonadtropins

Front 18

Gonadrops contain (both in females and males:

Back 18

FSH and LH

Front 19

FSH in males

Back 19

stimulate spermatogenesis

Front 20

LH in males

Back 20

stimulate leydig cells to secrete testosterone

Front 21

FSH in females

Back 21

stimulates maturation of ovarian follicle

Front 22

LH in females

Back 22

induce ovulation

Front 23

Growth Hormone Include

Back 23

Growth of Epiphyseal Plates
^ uptake of aa's by most cells of body
^ protein synthesis within cells
^ lipolysis in adipocytes

Front 24

If there is an increase in amino acids in the blood (digesting a meal)

Back 24

Stimulates release of GH

Front 25

if there is a decrease in FA in the blood, GH is released for:

Back 25

lipolysis

Front 26

Posterior Pituitary hormones (2)

Back 26

Oxytocin
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Front 27

Oxytocin in males and females:

Back 27

sexual arousal

Front 28

Oxytocin effects in females (2)

Back 28

Parturition
ADH

Front 29

stimulates myometrium to contract:

Back 29

Parturition

Front 30

Conservation of H2O when dehydrated:

Back 30

ADH

Front 31

Secretes thyroxine

Back 31

Thyroid Hormone

Front 32

Only hormone iodine

Back 32

Thyroid

Front 33

Regulates the basal metabolic rate of cells (increase heat production)

Back 33

Thyroid

Front 34

Involves oxidation of fuel substrates to make ATP

Back 34

Thyroid

Front 35

born with hypOrthyroidism:

Back 35

Cretinism

Front 36

Cretinism can lead to:

Back 36

sluggish baby, lower than normal BMR, Mental Retardation

Front 37

Hyperthyroidism:

Back 37

High BMR
nervous disposition
insomnia
weightloss

Front 38

Calcitoninis secreted by:

Back 38

Thyroid Gland

Front 39

Calcitonin acts by:

Back 39

if hi [Ca+]b secrete CT to increase osteoblasts

Front 40

form of hyperthyroidim that is developed as an adult:

Back 40

Myxedema

Front 41

Enlarged thyroid gland that occurs with people with iodine defficent diets:

Back 41

Goiter

Front 42

Secretes PTH when calcium levels fall too low

Back 42

Parathyroid Hormone
(stimulate osteoclast)

Front 43

Hyperthyroidism can cause oversecretion of PTH causing:

Back 43

Osteoporosis
Kidney Stones

Front 44

Hyporthyroidism can cause undersecretion of PTH causing:

Back 44

Difficulty contracting skeletal muscles
Difficulty Breathing

Front 45

Inner part of Adrenal Glands

Back 45

Adrenal Medulla

Front 46

Outer Part of Adrenal Gland

Back 46

Adrenal Cortex

Front 47

Epinepherine is released by Adrenal Glands when under

Back 47

Stressors

Front 48

2 types of Stressors

Back 48

Physiological
Psychological

Front 49

Types of Physiological Stressors:

Back 49

Exercise
Tissue trauma
cold
low glucose

Front 50

Types of Psychological Stressors:

Back 50

Fear
Anxiety
Guilt

Front 51

Action of Epinepherine

Back 51

Increase
HR
Decrease Blood Flow to:
Skin, Kidney, Dgestive

Front 52

Epinepherine increase the amount of air that can move and out of lungs

Back 52

bronchiodilation

Front 53

Epinepherine to raise blood sugar levels:

Back 53

Hepatic Glycogenolysis

Front 54

Cortisol is secreted by:

Back 54

Adrenal Cortex

Front 55

Acts to raise blood sugar levels when the are lower than normal

Back 55

Cortisol

Front 56

Major Effects of Cortisol

Back 56

Proteolysis
Stimulate Hepatic Gluconeogenesis
Stimulate Lipolysis

Front 57

catabolism in skeletal muscle cells:

Back 57

Proteolysis

Front 58

conversion of non-carybohydrate like aa's and lactate to glucose

Back 58

Gluconeogenesis

Front 59

Clinical use of Cortisol

Back 59

Decrease inflamation of tissue damage
decrease phagocytosis

Front 60

effects of aldosterone

Back 60

Na+ reabsorbtion
H20 reabsorbtion
K+ secretion

Front 61

oversecretion of cortisol

Back 61

Cushing Syndrome

Front 62

Inadequate secretion of Cortisol

Back 62

Addison's Disease

Front 63

produces and secretes acid to aid in digestion

Back 63

Pancrease

Front 64

produces insuiin

Back 64

Pancrease

Front 65

raises blood sugar level

Back 65

Glucagon

Front 66

Glucagon stimulates 2 chemicals invovled with glucose homestasis:

Back 66

Hepatic glycogenolysis (breakdown)
Hepatic Glucoeogenesis (convert aa to glucose)

Front 67

Hormone that help with digesting nutrients especialy glucose and fats

Back 67

Insuilin

Front 68

Disease characterized by elevated blood sugar

Back 68

Diabetes Mellitus

Front 69

exessive urination

Back 69

Polyura

Front 70

Exessive thirst

Back 70

Polydipsa

Front 71

cells that cant take enough glucose

Back 71

Ketoacidosis

Front 72

produces melatonin to help maintain ones mood

Back 72

Pineal Gland