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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Unifying Themes. Examples of Unifying Themes.
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Something that applies to all areas of biology. Ex: cell, cell theory; metabolism, reproduction; DNA & heredity
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Macromolecules
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large molecules
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Polymer
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molecules consisting of many repeating molecular units (most biological units are polymers)
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Monomer
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Each individual unit of a polymer
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Synthesis
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Molecules coming together to form a polymer (Ex: glucose molecules ---> starch
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Dehydration Reaction
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How polymers are synthesized. Water molecules formed from H on polymer and HO (hydroxl group) from monomer
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Breakdown (Hydrolosis) of Polymers
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Opposite of Dehydration. Enzyme breaks down polymer by attaching H to shorter polymer chain and breaking off molecule and joining it with HO (adds water molecule, breaking a bond)
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Carbohydrates
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Sugars, starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
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Monosacchride
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simple sugar
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How are sugars classified?
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By the number of carbons they have. Ex: Pentose-5 carbons C5H12O5
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Diasaccharide
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2 sugars linked together
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Glycosidic bond
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2 glucose sugars bond together through dehydration synthesis to form Maltose
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How do monosaccharides become diasaccharides?
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Dehydration Synthesis bonds them together
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How are polysaccharides stored in plants?
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Simple sugars linked in coilded chains (starch), poylmers of glucose unit,
Starch stored in chloroplast in starch granule |
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How do animals store polysaccharides?
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Glycogen granules hold coiled chains of glucose in cells of liver and muscles (a reserve source of energy for immediate use)
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