Bioethics Final

Front 1

Deontological ethics

Back 1

A theory according to which actions are judged right or wrong based on inherent right making characteristics or principles rather than on their consequences.

Front 2

Contraception

Back 2

Intentional use of methods to prevent pregnancy.

Front 3

Sterilization

Back 3

The process of becoming incapable of sexual reproduction.

Front 4

Abortion

Back 4

Intentional termination of a pregnancy.

Front 5

In vitro fertilization

Back 5

When eggs are retrieved from ovaries and are fertilized by sperm in a lab. The fertilized egg is thus placed back in the uterus.

Front 6

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis

Back 6

After the embryos are created through in vitro fertilization, they undergo genetic testing and only the embryos that have the desired genetic material are implanted.

Front 7

Genetic discrimination

Back 7

When someone is biased against and disadvantages a person on account of that persons genetic information.

Front 8

The dead donor rule

Back 8

This rule says that life-prolonging organs (like, heart, brain, lungs) can only be procured after the person from whom the organ is taken is dead.

Front 9

Brain criteria for determining death

Back 9

When the person's brain has stopped functioning. Note that a person can be dead according to circulatory criteria.

Front 10

Circulatory criteria for determining death

Back 10

When the person's heart and lungs have stopped. When the circulatory system is no longer functioning.

Front 11

Equipoise

Back 11

A balance of interests, in this particular case, the balance of two treatment arms.Advance directive

Front 12

Active killing

Back 12

is typically distinguished from omissions of life-supporting medical interventions that lead to death. It can be either intentional or accidental.

Front 13

Paternalism

Back 13

The system of action in which one person treats another the way a father treats a child, striving to promote the other’s good even against the other’s wishes.

Front 14

Principle

Back 14

a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning

Front 15

Consequentialism

Back 15

is the class of normative ethical theories holding that the consequences of one's conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment about the rightness or wrongness of that conduct.

Front 16

Extended Criteria Donors

Back 16

are older donors or donors who may have health issues that in thepast would have excluded their acceptance.

Front 17

Randomized medical trial

Back 17

is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment which aims to reduce bias when testing a new treatment.