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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Three phases of AErobic respiration
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Oxidize fuels to acetyl CoA, Make ATP via oxidative phosphorylation, use ATP
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Enzymes affect rxn how?
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Lower activation energy, Increase rxn rate, DO NOT change G
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Transition state is?
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point in rxn which substrates have highest energy level "tipping point"
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Induced fit model
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More complex than lock/key model, represents conformational change when enzyme binds substrate
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Aldehyde dehydrogenase
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Is what accumulates when drinking
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Role of NAD+ in metabolizing alcohol =
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oxidizing agent --> being reduced to NADH
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NAD synthesized from?
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Niacin
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FAD synth from?
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Riboflavin
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TPP synth from
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Thiamine (B1)
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CoA from?
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Pantothenate (B5)
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Biotin from?
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Biotin
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Folic Acid from?
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Tetrahydrofolate
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Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) from?
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Pyridoxine (B6)
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Michaelis-Menton terms: Vmax, Km, Kd
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Vmax: maximum velocity that can be reached
Km: concentration of substrate needed to reach 1/2 Vmax --> this is a measure of affinity of substrate for enzyme Kd: measures binding, conc. when binding is 1/2 saturated |
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Kd =
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describes affinity of ligands for receptors
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Km =
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conc of sub needed to = 1/2 Vmax
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Specificity =
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how high affinity is between one ligand/one receptor; higher aff=higher spec
*know how to interpret charts |
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Competitive inhibition
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inhibitors bind at same site as substrate so they are competing for bind site
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How does comp inhibition effect LineweaverBurk plot? ie what intercept(s) will change, what about slope?
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Will NOT influence Vmax, but will Km. This will change Xintercept/slope of line, but NOT Yintercept
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Non-competitive inhibitors bind at - site?
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allosteric, & can bind enzyme with or w.o substrate
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Non-comp inhibitors & LB plot?
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Km is unchanged, but Vmax is altered
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Uncompetitive inhibitors act?
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Can only bind when substrate is bound. BOTH Km/Vmax altered
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Disulfiram forms covalent w ALDH via disulfide bond; what type inhibition is this?
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Irreversible
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Ligand binding; Agonist will - cascade while antagonist will - cascade upon binding
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Agonists will activate signal cascade while antagonists do not
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Product inhibition general?
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accumulation of product decreases activity of enzyme, can be directly or allosterically mediated
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Zymogen is?
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inactive precursor
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Pepsinogen/Chymotrypsinogen are examples of precursors, which are generally known as ?
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Zymogens
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