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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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belt transect
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two parallel lines are marked along the ground and samples are taken of the area at specified points.
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biodiversity
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the variety of living organisms present in an area.
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community
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all the populations of living organisms in a particular habitat.
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ex situ conservation
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conservation methods out of the natural habitat.
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habitat biodiversity
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the number of different habitats found within an area.
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in situ conservation
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conservation methods within the natural habitat.
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line transect
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a line is marked along the ground and samples are taken at specified points.
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monoculture
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the cultivation of a single crop in a given area.
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opportunistic sampling
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sampling using the organisms that are conveniently available. The weakest form of sampling as it may not be representative of the population.
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seed bank
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a store of genetic material from plants in the form of seeds.
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Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D)
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a measure of biodiversity that takes into account both species richness and species evenness.
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stratified sampling
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sampling where populations are divided into sub-groups (strata) based on a particular characteristic. A random sample is then taken from each of these strata proportional to its size.
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Student’s t test
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statistical test used to compare the means of data values of two populations.
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succession
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the progressive replacement of one dominant type of species or community by another in an ecosystem, until a stable climax community is established
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sustainable development
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economic development that meets the needs of people today, without limiting the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
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systematic sampling
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different areas of a habitat are identified and sampled separately. Often carried out using a line or belt transect.
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correlation coefficient
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statistical test used to consider the relationship between two sets of data.
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keystone species
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species which are essential for maintaining biodiversity − they have a disproportionately large effect on their environment relative to their abundance.
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non-random sampling
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an alternative sampling method to random sampling, where the sample is not chosen at random. It can be opportunistic, stratified or systematic.
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random sampling
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sampling where each individual in the population has an equal likelihood of selection.
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abiotic factors
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non-living conditions in a habitat.
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