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3 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the types of interactions (forces) between molecules |
--Covalent bond: sharing electrons, strong interaction --Non-covalent bond: weak interactions (but a large number will create strong interactions). includes hydrophobic interaction, H bond, and van der waals. --Hydrogen bond: type of non covalent bond, involves sharing a hydrogen btwn a donor and acceptor (ex: water) --Van der Waals interactions: very weak interactions of electron clouds, generated by dipoles leading to partial charges, distance dependent. |
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Relate water structure to the hydrophobic effect |
--Water is tetrahedral and polar, and forms H-bonds with itself. It is most hospitable to molecules or ions that least disrupt its H‐bonding network. When an oil or other nonpolar compound encounters water, the compound disrupts the H‐bonding network of water. --The highly ordered water molecules form "cages" around the hydrophobic chains. --This cage is an ordered structure, and so is unfavored by the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which states that spontaneous reactions proceed with an increase in entropy (disorder). --If all the hydrophobic groups are sequestered from water, ordered shell of water molecules is minimized, and entropy is further increased. |
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Relate molecular properties to solubility |
--A molecule is only soluble in water if it is charged or has polar groups. The soluble component of a molecule must balance the hydrophobic component. [ability to form H-bonds] |
