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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 things that contribute to Evidence Informed Practice (EPI)?
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1) Clinical expertise
2) Current best evidence from research 3) Patient values and preferences |
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What is the evidence cycle of EIP?
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Patient problem>ask>acquire>appraise>apply>action
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What is the best type of bias/evident?
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Meta-analyses of randomized control trials
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Define primary and secondary research.
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Primary - authors conducted the study and contains a methods section
Secondary research - authors compiled information from other papers (review article) |
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What are the four categories of research methods?
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• Selection bias: sample selection, population, size, randomized, inclusion/exclusion criteria, control, intervention, blinding
• Performance bias: Groups treated the same? • Attrition bias: Everyone accounted for? • Detection bias: Outcomes? |
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How do you calculate Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR)?
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(% Risk in control) - (% Risk in treatment)
*Use % |
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How do you calculate and interpret Relative Risk Reduction (RRR)?
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(difference in event rates) / (control event rate)
*Use % The treatment decreased or increased the event rate by % |
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How do you calculate and interpret Relative Risk (RR)?
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Probability = chances for/total chances
RR = (probability of control) / (probability of treatment) • RR > 1.00 = increase risk, x times more likely to ... • (RR - 1.00)(100) = % increase RR = 1.00 = no difference •RR < 1.00 = decrease risk, x times less likely to ... • (1.00 - RR) (100) = % decrease |
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How do you calculate and interpret Odds Ratio (OR)?
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• odds = chances for/chances against
• OR = (odds in event/odds in treatment) • odds of event is # times more than the treatment |
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How do you calculate Number Needed to Treat (NNT)?
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1/ARR (in decimal form not %) = # of people need to be treated in order for one to benefit
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If the RR is 7.1, what is the RRR?
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• If the RR is 7.1 then the RRR is 610%
• 7.1 > 1, therefore: • 7.1 - 1 = 6.1 (100) = 610% increase |
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If the RRR is 25%, what is the RR?
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RR =
• 25% = .25 • 1 - .25 = .75 |
