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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regulated, Committed step of Cholesterol Synthesis
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HMG-CoA Reductase
HMG CoA -->Mevalonate Statins are competitive I |
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Disease in which high plasma levels of cholesterol because of defective LDL receptors
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Hypercholesterolemia
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Committed, regulated step of bile salt synthesis
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Cholesterol-7-alpha-hydroxylase
Cholesterol --> alpha-hydroxycholesterol |
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Cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid
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Bile salts
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Gallstones
More cholesterol enters bile than be can solubilized by salts |
Cholelithiasis
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Rhodopsin & light-receptors
Deficiencies cause night blindness |
Vitamin A
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Hormone regulator of bone mineral metabolism
Deficiencies cause rickets in children |
Vitamin D
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Antioxidant
Deficiences cause anemia in infants |
Vitamin E
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Activates blood clotting factors
Defficiencies cause hemorrhagic disease in newborns |
Vitamin K
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Exogenous lipids packaged in?
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Chylomicrons
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Endogenous lipids packaged in?
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VLDL
LDL HDL |
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How do LDL and HDL produce cholesterol esters? To ensure that cholestrol is completely hydrophobic bc OH has been replaced.
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LDL--> uses ACAT
HDL --> uses LCAT |
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Chylomicron apoproteins
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E, CII
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Apoproteins for VLDL
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B-100, C-II, E
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Apoproteins for IDL
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B-100, E
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Apoproteins for LDL
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B-100
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Apoproteins for HDL
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Apo D
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HDL transfer mediated by what apolipoproteins which activates LCAT to make cholestrol ester.
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A-1 apolipoprotein
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Apoprotein for lipoprotein
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B-100, Apoprotein (a)
Apo (a) increases heart attacks |
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Apoprotein that is an activator of LCAT
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A-I
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Apoprotein that is a ligand for LDL receptor
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B-100
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Apoprotein that is an activator for extrahepatic lipoprotein lipase
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C-II
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Apoprotein that is specific for HDL
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Apo D
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Apoprotein involved in Alzheimers
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Apo E
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What are the 3 Enzymes of Lipid metabolism?
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1. Lipoproteins lipase
2. Hormone-sensitive lipase 3. Pancreatic lipase |
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What enzyme breaks down stored fat?
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Hormone-Sensitive Lipase
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What enzyme breaks down dietary fats?
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Pancreatic lipase
Regulated + colipase which allow to interact with emulsified lipids |
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If have high cholestrol, will HMG-CoA reductase be activated?
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No, inhibited bc it is the committed step of FAS. ?
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What genetic disease caused by lipoproteins lipase deficiency
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Hypertriacylglycerolemia
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How can you get heart disease from lipoprotein buildup?
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Bc Lipoprotein inhibits blood clot dissolution
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What diease has defective LDL receptor synthesis?
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Hypercholesteremias
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Treatment of Hypercholesteremias?
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Treatment: low cholesterol diet,
drugs that inhibit cholesterol synthesis so cell displays receptors. |
