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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Oxidative deamination by glutamate dehydrogenase |
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Urea cycle |
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C -----> CAAO |
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Rotenone , barbiturate , piericidin |
Inhibitors of complex 1 in etc cycle |
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Oligomycin |
Inhibitor of atp synthesis in ETC cycle ( inhibitor of F0 & F1 protein) |
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Cyanide , co , H2S , azides |
Inhibitors of complex 4 in etc cycle |
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Antimycin , british antilewsite |
Inhibitors of complex 3 in etc cycle |
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Hexokinas Glucokinase Phosphofructokinase Pyruvatekinase |
Key enzyme of glycolysis |
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Citrate synthase Isocitrate dehydrogenase Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase |
Key enzyme of TCA cycle (citric acid cycle) |
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Flouroacetate Malonate |
Inhibitors of TCA cycle |
Flouroacetate->citrate synthase Suicide Malonate->succinate dehydrogenase Competitive |
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Pyruvate carboxylase
Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase
Fructose 1-6 bisphosphatase
Glucose -6-phosphatase |
Key enzyme of gluconeugenesis |
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Acetone , acetoacetate , beta-hydroxy butyrate |
Ketone body |
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Acromegaly |
Increase Growth hormone causes of diabetes mellitus |
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Cushing's syndrome |
Increase corticosteroid hormone causes of diabetes mellitus |
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Pheochromocytoma |
Increase adrenalin hormone causes of diabetes mellitus |
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Hyperthyroidism |
Increase thyroid hormone causes of diabetes mellitus |
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Gastaional diabetes |
Diabetes mellitus during later stage of pregnancy |
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Amphibolic role of TCA cycle |
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Glycosuria |
Suger into urine |
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Rapaport leubering cycle |
BGP SHUNT |
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Protein kinase |
Its kind of enzyme that cause of activating glycogen phosphorylaze (terminator of glycogen) |
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Phosphatase |
Remove 1 phosphate group |
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Phosphorylaze |
Add 1 phosphate group |
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Aspartate |
Produce Oxaloacetate |
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Alanine |
Produce Pyruvate |
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Anaplerosis |
T |
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-CH2- |
Methylene group |
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S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) |
Active form of methionine |
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Other name of Polysaccharide |
Glycan |
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Glycine |
-Is only symmetric aminoacid -Because this reason its not optically active H | NH2---C---COOH | H |
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Proline |
Is an imino acid(have NH group instead of NH2) |
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Zwitterion |
Ion which have both negetive and positive charge amino acid note page 4 |
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Amide group |
It contain --CONH2 |
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Native protein |
A protein with 3D structure under natural condition |
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Iso electric ph (PI) |
The ph that pr have minimum solubility in it |
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Pituitry stalk Hypothalamus stalk |
Connection betwn pituitry and hypothalamus |
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Serine hydroxy methyl transferase |
Its an enzyme that change serine to glycine |
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Glycine synthase |
Is an enzyme that make glycine of co2 and nh3 |
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Glyoxalate |
Its a ketoacid that react with glutamate and make glycine and alpha keto glutarate during transamination reaction |
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Threonine |
Its a hydroxy amino acid that make glycine in the presence of threonine aldolase |
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Benzoic acid |
Its a food preservative that is detoxified by glycine |
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Zigma amino levulinic acid |
Its an intermediate in changing glycine to heme (heme bio synthesis) |
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Creatine phosphate |
Is formed from glycine and arginine and s adenosyl methionine in kidney and liver |
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Phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate (PAPS) |
Doner of sulfate groups for the synthesis of sulfated mucopolysaccharides |
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UDP choline |
Is a doner of choline for the synthesis of lecithin |
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Replication |
DNA produce DNA |
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Transcription |
DNA produce RNA |
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Translation |
RNA to protein |
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Linoleic acid (C18 , delta 9,12 , omega-6) |
One of the essential fatty acid |
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Arachidonic acid(C20 , delta 5,8,11,14 , omega 6) |
One of the essential fatty acid p5 note |
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Eicosanoid |
Biologically important compounds that drived from essential fatty acid |
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Phynoderma(toad skin) |
Deficiency of essential fatty acid in body Rough and thickend skin |
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Glycerophospholipids |
Phosphatidyl choline (lecithin) Phosphotidyl ethanolamine(cephalin) Phosphotidyl serine Phosphotidyl inositol Cardiolipin |
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Linolenic acid(C18 , delta9,12,15 , omega3) |
One of the essential fatty acid |
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Enzyme |
Enzyme are biological catalysts which are protein in nature |
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Natural substrate |
Is the substrate that have least km value (more affinity) |
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Optimum tempreature |
The tempreture at which the velocity is maximum (enzyme) |
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Km significance |
Kinetic constant Affinity Indicate the natural substrate Iso enzyme differ Mechanism of enzyme inhibition Enzyme assays |
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Metalloenzyme |
Are the enzyme which require metal ions (cofactor) for their activity these enzyme hold metal tightly |
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Active site |
Small region at which the substrate bind and catalysis take place |
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Catalytic resudues |
The amino acid that present at the active site |
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Absolute specificity of enzyme |
Certain enzyme act only on one sunstarate |
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Group specificity of enzyme |
The act on closy relatrd group of substarate |
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Michaelis menten equation |
Vmax [S] Vi = ------------------ Km+[S] |
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Transport protein |
Transferrin TBPA RBP TBG Hepatoglobin Hemopexin Lipoprotein Alpha 1 acid glycoprotein |
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Hypoalbuminemia |
Kwashiorkor(nutritional deficiency) Cirrhosis(liver diseases) Albumin loss Loss due to burns Urinary loss |
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Neoplasm |
Tumor |
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Van den bergh reaction |
Its one of the colorometrically measurement Bilirubin + diazorized sulphanic acid | | V Azo bilirubin ( purple) |
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Hippuric acid synthesis test |
Test base on detoxification |
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The pruduct of stomach of digestion of protein |
Peptone proteoses |
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Colipase |
A protein secreted by pancreas act as cofactor for pancreatic lipase |
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Tyrosine product |
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Hbs sickle shape anamia |
Due to substitution of glutamate by valine |
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Rothera's test |
Is a test for recognizing keton body in urine |
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SAM |
S-adenosyl methionine |
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