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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 particles that make up an atom?
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Electron: outer shell, - charge
Neutron: in nucleus, no charge Proton: in nucleus, + charge |
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What is the function of a chemical bond?
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The function of a chemical bond is to fill up the outer shell of an atom with electrons to stabilize the atom.
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How does an atom become an ion?
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An atom becomes an ion when it loses or gains an electron.
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Contrast Ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds?
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Ionic and covalent bonds are strong, hydrogen bonds are weak. Ionic bonds separate positive and negative charges in the atom. Hydrogen bonds are where an atom shares electrons. Covalent bonds are where an atom gains or loses an electron.
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Who was Mendeleev and how did he arrange the periodic table?
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Mendeleev was a Russia chemist and inventor. He arranged the elements according to atomic mass.
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What is an electron shell and what are the characteristics of it?
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An electron shell is a shell that holds electrons. Each electron shell is assigned a quantum number.
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What was unique about Mendeleev's periodic table when he first arranged it?
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He predicted undiscovered elements.
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What change did Moseley make to the periodic table?
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Moseley added the atomic numbers to the table and switched elements around in the right order.
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How is the modern periodic table arranged?
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Groups 1-18
7 Periods H - He (are 1-2) |
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Draw the carbon square:
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6 (atomic number)
C (Symbol) Carbon (element name) 12.011 (Atomic mass) |
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In the periodic table where are groups and periods located?
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Groups are columns
Periods are rows |
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What do you know about an element if is in a certain group?
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If it is in a certain group (Metal, Non-metals, Noble Gases) you know the properties of the group.
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What do you know about an element if it is in a certain Period?
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You know the number of electron shells.
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Three major types of elements on the periodic table?
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Metal, non-metals, noble gases.
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Where are the three major types of elements located?
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Metals on the left. Noble gases are the rightmost column. Non-metals are just left of the noble gases.
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What is the purpose of defining the different families in the periodic table?
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To tell what the elements can be used for. Metals for electrical flow, Non-metals for insulators, Gases can be used for signs.
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What are the four elements that make up 96% of living organisms?
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Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen
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What is unique about the properties of water?
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All living things use it. It is universal solvent.
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What is unique about carbon?
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It occurs in all lifeforms
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4 bio-compounds found in living organisms and their functions:
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lipids - fats that store energy
proteins - muscle, vital to metabolism carbohydrates - transport and store energy nucleic acid - carry genetic information |
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Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
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Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy by living organisms. It occurs when light enter chloroplast and is captured by chlorophyll in grana, where water is split into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is taken to the stoma and combines with carbon dioxide to produce glucose.
6 CO2(gas) + 6 H2O(liquid) + photons → C6H12O6(glucose) + 6 O2(gas) Cellular Respiration is the creation of energy in cells mitochondria from fuel molecules (glucose, amino acids) and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water and energy. C6H12O6 (aq) + 6O2 (g) → 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l) + 3 ATP |
