Biochemistry

Front 1

fats

Back 1

are triglyceride lips that contain only saturated fatty acids, are sold at room temperature, and typically come from animals

Front 2

in DNA and RNA _______ pairs with cytosine

Back 2

guanine

Front 3

this part of all cells is composed of a phospholipid bi-layer

Back 3

cell membrane

Front 4

starch

Back 4

a large carbohydrate molecule used by plants for storage, consisting of long chains of glucose with OH groups only on one side of the molecule

Front 5

ribonucleic acid is appreciated

Back 5

RNA

Front 6

the inside of the cell membrane is composed of two layers of fatty acid tails is

Back 6

hydrophobic

Front 7

what happens to a denatured protein

Back 7

it's 3d shape changes, making it no longer functional

Front 8

enzymes

Back 8

organic (protein) catalysts that speed up chemical reactions

Front 9

oils

Back 9

(triglyceride) lips that contain one or more unsaturated fatty acids, are liquid at room temperature, and typically come from plants

Front 10

white blood cells

Back 10

make antibodies against bacteria and viruses

Front 11

Glucose

Back 11

( C6H12O6) it's the monosaccharide (simple sugar) found in grapes

Front 12

large protein molecules are held in a certain shape by internal ______ bonds that may be broken if exposed to high temperatures, strong acids or bases

Back 12

hydrogen

Front 13

phospholipids

Back 13

are cell membrane lipids that are similar to triglycerides like data and oils, but have a phosphate group instead of the third fatty acid

Front 14

what are the four most abundant elements of living organisms

Back 14

hydrogen carbon oxygen and nitrogen

Front 15

amino acids

Back 15

the building blocks of proteins

Front 16

cholesterol

Back 16

a lipid with a ring structure found in eukaryotic cell membrane and serves as the raw material to make hormones such as estrogen and testosterone.

Front 17

carbohydrates

Back 17

organic molecules that include the "sugar and starches"

Front 18

Glucose and oxygen

Back 18

required for restoration and produced as a byproduct of photosynthesis

Front 19

which end of the phospholipid is negatively charged and therefore hydrophilic

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phosphate end

Front 20

the m in mRNA

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messenger

Front 21

fats site ____ EnergY than carbohydrates

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more

Front 22

phosphate groups of phospholipid have what charge and how do they react to water?

Back 22

negative and hydrophilic

Front 23

corn oil is a

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unsaturated triglyceride ( liquid at room temp. and comes from plants)

Front 24

nucleic acids

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make up both organic molecules DNA and RNA

Front 25

what is required for photosynthesis

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carbon dioxide and water

Front 26

deoxyribose

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the 5 carbon sugar in DNA

Front 27

although animals can not digest cellulose in their diet, it provides _____ that makes digestion healthier

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fiber

Front 28

antibodies

Back 28

protein "defense" molecules made in response to viruses and bacteria

Front 29

atp

Back 29

released by restoration, dried EnergY from molecules like glucose

Front 30

hydrophilic end of the cell membranes phospholipid bi-layer

Back 30

phosphate group

Front 31

the globular proteins slightly different 3d shapes relate to ______

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their function

Front 32

in DNA ______ pairs with adenine, in RNA it is replaced by uracil

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thymine

Front 33

a fat (triglyceride) molecule has three _____ _____ attached to a glycerol "backbone"

Back 33

fatty acids

Front 34

fructose

Back 34

(C6H12O6 ) ids the monosaccharide ( simple sugar) found in honey

Front 35

waxes

Back 35

lipids that form waterproofing layers on fruits and leaves of plants

Front 36

some cell membranes serve as ______ _______ where other molecules, such as hormones, May bind

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receptor sites

Front 37

fats,oils, and phospholipids ask have a _________ "backbone"

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glycerol

Front 38

the enzyme sucrase slightly alters the shape of sucrose, making it _________ for the bond between simple sugars to break

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easier

Front 39

the 5 carbon sugar in RNA is called

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ribose

Front 40

lipids

Back 40

hydrophobic organic molecules including fats oils phospholipids steroids and waxes

Front 41

weak __________ _____ hold complementary base pairs together down the middle of DNA

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hydrogen bonds

Front 42

Aerobic respiration

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the opposite of photosynthesis because it takes in glucose and oxygen to release carbon dioxide and water

Front 43

each nucleotide consists of 3 things

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1. a five carbon sugar
2. a nitrogen base
3. a phosphate group

Front 44

DNA codes for the order of amino acids in a _______

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protein

Front 45

how many different amino acids compose specific sequences of proteins

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20

Front 46

what does mRNA attach to in the cytoplasm of a cell for protein synthesis

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ribosome

Front 47

in DNA ________ pairs with thymine; in RNA it pairs with uracil.

Back 47

adenine

Front 48

sucrose

Back 48

(table sugar) a disaccharide made of glucose bonded to fructose

Front 49

the shape on DNA molecule

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double helix

Front 50

the t in tRNA

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transfer

Front 51

in both DNA and RNA guanine pairs with

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cytosine

Front 52

glycogen

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where animals store access glucose; a large carbohydrate

Front 53

Butter

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solid at room temperature, a saturated triglyceride

Front 54

cellulose

Back 54

a large carbohydrate fitness by chains of glucose with OH groups alternating on both sides, allowing hydrogen bonds to link then together for strength

Front 55

proteins (4)

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organic molecules including
1.enzymes
2. some hormones
3. antibodies
4. receptor sites of cell membranes

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Uracil

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in RNA replaces thymine and pairs when adenine

Front 57

insulin

Back 57

a protein hormone that controls blood sugar levels