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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytosol.
Why are intermediates phosphorylated?
> Phosphorylated intermediates have no way to leave cell.
> High energy intermediates transfer phosphoryls to ADP.
> Enzyme Active Sites bind and interact with phosphate groups (increases enzyme specificity. Lowers AE of a rxn)
What are the three irreversible reactions that are regulated in glycolysis?
> Hexokinase (step 1)
> Phosphofructokinase (PKF1) (step 3)
> Pyruvate Kinase (step 10)
HEXOKINASE
Glucose -----------> G6P
-Irreversible
-Regulated
-Requires ATP (First investment)
Phosphoglucoisomerase
G6P <-----> F6P
Phosphofructokinase
F6P --------------> F1,3bP
-Irreversible
-Regulated
-Requires ATP (second investment)
Aldolase
F1,3bP <-------------> Hydroxy Acetate Phosphate/Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate
Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate /NAD+ <---->1,3bP /NADH (x2)
Phosphoglycerate Kinase
1,3-bP /ADP <-------> 3PG / ATP (x2)
-First Pay off
Phosphoglycerate Mutase
3GP <---------> 2GP (x2)
Enolase
2GP <-------> Phosphoenol Pyruvate
Pyruvate Kinase
Phosphoenol Pyruvate /ADP---------------> Pyruvate /ATP
-Irreversible
-Second Payoff
Lactate Dehydrogenase
L-Lactate
Pyruvate decarboxylase
Pyruvate <-----> Acetaldehyde
Alcohol Dehydrogenase
Acetaldehyde <-----> Ethanol