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28 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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in general:
dermatits, glossitis and diarrhea |
B-complex deficiencies
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night blindness, dry skin?
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vit A deficiency
found where? |
leafy vegetables
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excess of Vitamin A?
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Used for severe acne; is teratogenic
arthralgias, fatigue, headaches |
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functions of Vitamin B1?
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Cofactor for
1) Pyruvate dehydrogenase 2) alpha-ketoglutarate 3) Transketolase 4) Branched chain AA dehydrogenase |
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which tissues are affected first in thiamine deficiency?
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highly aerobic ones (brain and heart)
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confusion, opthalmoplegia, ataxia, confabulation, personality change and memory loss
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Wernick-Korsakoff (thiamine deficiency leading to destruction of mamillary bodies)
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polyneuritis, muscle wasting
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Dry Beri Beri (b1 def)
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dilated cardiomyopathy (high-output cardiac failure), edema
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wet beri beri (b1 def)
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inflammation of lips, scaling at corners of mouth and corneal vascularization
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vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency
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diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death
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pellagra: Vitamin B3 def
Niacin what is niacin derived from? what does it's synthesis require? |
Tryptophan
Vit B6 (pyridoxine) |
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facial flushing
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niacin excess
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what diseases can lead to pellagra?
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Hartnup disease, Carcinoid syndrome, INH usage during TB
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dermatitis, enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency?
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Vit B5 (pentothenate) deficiency
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convulsions, hyperirritability, peripheral neuropathy, sideroblastic anemia
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Vit b6 deficiency
what 4 things is pyridoxine needed to make? |
cystathionine, heme, niacin and GABA
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high homocysteine and methylmalonic acid
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Vit B12 deficiency
usually due to...? |
Malabsorption (d. latum, sprue, Crohn's)
Lack of intrinsic factor |
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what is folic acid deficiency seen in?
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alcoholism and pregnancy
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What is SAM comprised of/what is it dependent on?
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ATP+methionine
b12 and folate |
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excessive ingesting of raw eggs
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biotin deficiency since avidin binds it
what is biotin a cofactor for? |
1) pyruvate carboxylase
2) acetyl-coa carboxylase 3) propionyl-CoA carboxylase |
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swollen gums, brusing, hemarthrosis, anemia, poor wound healing
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vitamin C deficiency (due to collagen synthesis defect)
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nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sleep problems
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vit C excess
what can it increase the risk of? |
iron toxicity
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hypercalcemia, loss of appetite, stupor
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vit D toxicity
what dz is this seen in? |
sarcoidosis due to activation of vitamin D by epithelioid macrophages
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increased fragility of RBCs, muscle weakness, posterior column demyelination
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vit E deficiency
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neonatal hemorrhage with normal bleeding time
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vit K deficiency
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delayed wound healing, hypogonadism, less adult hair
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zinc deficiency
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antidote for ethanol/ ethelene glycol?
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fomepizole
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how does disulfaram work?
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inbihits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase so acetaldehyde builds up and leads to hangover symptoms
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skin lesions, edema, liver malfunction
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protein deficiency (Kwashiorkor)
looks like>?? |
small child with swollen belly
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muscle wasting, loss of subcutaneous fat, variable edema
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calorie deficiency (Marasmus)
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