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68 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Catabolism is an essentially ________ process:
a. anergonic
b. endergonic
c. exergonic
d. isergonic
c
The product of glycogenolysis is:
a. glucose
b. glycogen
c. glucose-1-phosphate
d. glucose-6-phosphate
c
Direct phosphorylation of glucose by ATP leads to the formation of
glucose-6 phosphate
glycolysis occurs within the
cytoplasm
which of the following cannot enter the glycolysis pathway:
a. glucose
b. fructose
c. galactose
d. glycogen
d
which co-enzyme is used in most oxidation reduction rxns?
a. ATP/ADP
b. NAD/NADH
c. NADP+/NADPH
d. CoASH
b
which is the product of the endergonic stage of glycolyis?
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
The net ATP output for glycolysis is _______ per glucose molecule
2
What is the final product of glycolysis?
pyruvate
What coenzyme must be re-oxidized so that glycolysis can continue to produce energy?
NADH
Under anaerobic conditions in the body, pyruvate is converted to:
lactate
Under anaerobic conditions in muscle cell, pyruvate is converted to:
a. ethanol
b. CO2 and H2O
c. acetyl CoA
d. none of these
d
The production of triose phosphates in the first stage of glycolysis is an endothermic sequence of rxns. T or F
T
The oxidative (aerobic) rxns of metabolism occur in the:
mitochondria
the direct precursor for the citric acid cycle is:
acetyl CoA
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetonephosphate are:
a. trioses
b. functional isomers
c. monosaccharides
d. all of the above
d
the products of the tricarboxylic acid cycle are carbon dioxide and:
3 NADH, 1FADH2 and 1 GTP
Gluconeogenesis is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources T or F.
T
The electron transport system (ETS) or respiratory chain is found dispersed in the mitochondrial matrix. T or F
F
What metal ions are present in the cytochromes of the ETS and aid in the passage of electrons down the chain?
a. Cr+3 and Ca+2
b. Fe+2 and Fe+3
c. Zn and Zn+2
d. Na+ and Mg+2
b
The final acceptor of electrons (H atoms) during respiration is:
O2
The formation of ATP in the ETS is called:
oxidative phosphorylation
It is possible to oxidize the hydrogen atoms of acetySCoA without having oxidative phosphorylation occur. T or F
T
Oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport are coupled in the ETS. T or F
T
Glycogenolysis directly leads to the formation of glucose-6-phosphate which undergoes glycolysis. T or F
F
An important product of the pentose phosphate pathway (shunt) is:
NADPH
Another important product of the pentose shunt is:
ribose-5-phosphate
NADPH is the coenzyme used in anabolic rxns (syntheses). T or F.
T
The protein complex which is responsible for respiration is dispersed in the mitochondrial matrix. T or F.
F (inner membrane)
Before fats and oils can be metabolized, fatty acids must be released from triglycerides with the aid of triacylglyceride lipase. T or F.
T
The anabolism of fatty acids is called beta-oxidation . T or F
F
the activator/carrier molecule used in fatty acid catabolism is:
coenzyme A, coASH
Complete beta-oxidation of a 12 carbon f.a. produces ______ mcs of acetyl-CoA
6
Beta oxidation occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell. T or F.
F- mitochondria matrix
Fatty acid synthesis is the complete reverse of beta-oxidation. T or F.
F
the protein which is responsible for the transport of f.a.'s thru the inner mitochondrial membrane into the matrix is:
carnitine
The synthesis of a 12 carbon F.A. is achieved by the sequential condensation of 6 acetyl-coA molecules. T of F
F;
Which coenzyme is the reducing agent used in fatty acid biosynthesis?
NADPH
The key intermediate in fatty acid synthesis is the free three carbon diacid, malonate. T or F.
F
Ketone bodies are formed when the concentration of acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm is very high. T or F.
F
The activator/carrier molecule used in fatty acid oxidations is:
CoASH
In the cytoplasm acetly CoA is used in the synthesis of non-saponifiable lipids. T or F
T
Which of the following is a ketone body:
a. acetyl CoA
b. acetone
c. malonate
d. malonyl CoA
b
The most important function of aminoacids is for the synthesis of
proteins
two key amino acids in the catabolism of the amino group of a.a.'s are glutamate and __________
aspartate
Oxidative deamination of a.a.'s directly produces:
ammonium ion
the direct "fuel" for the urea cycle is:
carbamoyl phosphate
the production of glutamate from alpha-ketoglutarate is called:
transamination
the molecule which reacts with carbamoyl phosphate at the start of the urea cycle is oxaloacetate. T or F.
F
the second amino group of urea is derived from:
aspartate
glycogenolysis is the cleavage of glucose-1-phosphate from the ends of glycogen mcs. T or F
F
Which can enter the glycolysis pathway?
A. glucose
b. fructose
c. galactose
d. all
d
What is the first stage of glycolysis and whats the product
endergonic stage- product is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
under aerobic condtions in the body, pyruvate is converted to:
acetly Co A
the direct fuel for the citric acid cycle is:
acetyl co A
one turn of the krebs cycle produces _______ mcs of CO2
2
the net yield of ATP from the complete catabolism of one molecule of glucose is:
36
The majority of ATP produced during the catabolism of glucose is formed during:
oxidative phosphorylation
Approx. ___% of the energy available from glucose catabolism is trapped int he formation of ATP.
40
The catabolism of F.A.'s is called:
beta oxidation
The key intermediate in f.a. synthesis is the three carbon acid derivative malonly CoA. T or F.
F
ketone bodies are formed when the concentration of acetyl coA in the ______ is very high.
mitochondria
in the cytoplasm, acetyl coA is used in the synthesis of steroids. T or F.
t
The activator/carrier mc used in Fatty acid biosynthesis is:
ACP
the 2 key a.a.s is catabolism of the amino grp of a.a.'s are:
glutamate and aspartate
the production of glutamate from aspartate and alpha-ketoglutarate is called:
transamination
Carbamoyl phosphate is produced by the rxn of CO2, ammonium ion, and ATP. T or F.
T
The second amino grp of urea is derived from aspartate. T or F.
T