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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Catabolism is an essentially ________ process:
a. anergonic b. endergonic c. exergonic d. isergonic |
c
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The product of glycogenolysis is:
a. glucose b. glycogen c. glucose-1-phosphate d. glucose-6-phosphate |
c
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Direct phosphorylation of glucose by ATP leads to the formation of
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glucose-6 phosphate
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glycolysis occurs within the
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cytoplasm
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which of the following cannot enter the glycolysis pathway:
a. glucose b. fructose c. galactose d. glycogen |
d
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which co-enzyme is used in most oxidation reduction rxns?
a. ATP/ADP b. NAD/NADH c. NADP+/NADPH d. CoASH |
b
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which is the product of the endergonic stage of glycolyis?
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glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
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The net ATP output for glycolysis is _______ per glucose molecule
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2
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What is the final product of glycolysis?
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pyruvate
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What coenzyme must be re-oxidized so that glycolysis can continue to produce energy?
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NADH
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Under anaerobic conditions in the body, pyruvate is converted to:
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lactate
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Under anaerobic conditions in muscle cell, pyruvate is converted to:
a. ethanol b. CO2 and H2O c. acetyl CoA d. none of these |
d
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The production of triose phosphates in the first stage of glycolysis is an endothermic sequence of rxns. T or F
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T
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The oxidative (aerobic) rxns of metabolism occur in the:
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mitochondria
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the direct precursor for the citric acid cycle is:
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acetyl CoA
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Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetonephosphate are:
a. trioses b. functional isomers c. monosaccharides d. all of the above |
d
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the products of the tricarboxylic acid cycle are carbon dioxide and:
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3 NADH, 1FADH2 and 1 GTP
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Gluconeogenesis is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources T or F.
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T
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The electron transport system (ETS) or respiratory chain is found dispersed in the mitochondrial matrix. T or F
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F
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What metal ions are present in the cytochromes of the ETS and aid in the passage of electrons down the chain?
a. Cr+3 and Ca+2 b. Fe+2 and Fe+3 c. Zn and Zn+2 d. Na+ and Mg+2 |
b
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The final acceptor of electrons (H atoms) during respiration is:
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O2
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The formation of ATP in the ETS is called:
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oxidative phosphorylation
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It is possible to oxidize the hydrogen atoms of acetySCoA without having oxidative phosphorylation occur. T or F
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T
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Oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport are coupled in the ETS. T or F
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T
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Glycogenolysis directly leads to the formation of glucose-6-phosphate which undergoes glycolysis. T or F
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F
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An important product of the pentose phosphate pathway (shunt) is:
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NADPH
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Another important product of the pentose shunt is:
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ribose-5-phosphate
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NADPH is the coenzyme used in anabolic rxns (syntheses). T or F.
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T
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The protein complex which is responsible for respiration is dispersed in the mitochondrial matrix. T or F.
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F (inner membrane)
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Before fats and oils can be metabolized, fatty acids must be released from triglycerides with the aid of triacylglyceride lipase. T or F.
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T
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The anabolism of fatty acids is called beta-oxidation . T or F
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F
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the activator/carrier molecule used in fatty acid catabolism is:
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coenzyme A, coASH
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Complete beta-oxidation of a 12 carbon f.a. produces ______ mcs of acetyl-CoA
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6
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Beta oxidation occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell. T or F.
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F- mitochondria matrix
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Fatty acid synthesis is the complete reverse of beta-oxidation. T or F.
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F
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the protein which is responsible for the transport of f.a.'s thru the inner mitochondrial membrane into the matrix is:
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carnitine
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The synthesis of a 12 carbon F.A. is achieved by the sequential condensation of 6 acetyl-coA molecules. T of F
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F;
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Which coenzyme is the reducing agent used in fatty acid biosynthesis?
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NADPH
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The key intermediate in fatty acid synthesis is the free three carbon diacid, malonate. T or F.
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F
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Ketone bodies are formed when the concentration of acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm is very high. T or F.
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F
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The activator/carrier molecule used in fatty acid oxidations is:
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CoASH
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In the cytoplasm acetly CoA is used in the synthesis of non-saponifiable lipids. T or F
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T
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Which of the following is a ketone body:
a. acetyl CoA b. acetone c. malonate d. malonyl CoA |
b
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The most important function of aminoacids is for the synthesis of
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proteins
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two key amino acids in the catabolism of the amino group of a.a.'s are glutamate and __________
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aspartate
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Oxidative deamination of a.a.'s directly produces:
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ammonium ion
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the direct "fuel" for the urea cycle is:
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carbamoyl phosphate
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the production of glutamate from alpha-ketoglutarate is called:
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transamination
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the molecule which reacts with carbamoyl phosphate at the start of the urea cycle is oxaloacetate. T or F.
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F
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the second amino group of urea is derived from:
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aspartate
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glycogenolysis is the cleavage of glucose-1-phosphate from the ends of glycogen mcs. T or F
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F
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Which can enter the glycolysis pathway?
A. glucose b. fructose c. galactose d. all |
d
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What is the first stage of glycolysis and whats the product
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endergonic stage- product is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
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under aerobic condtions in the body, pyruvate is converted to:
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acetly Co A
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the direct fuel for the citric acid cycle is:
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acetyl co A
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one turn of the krebs cycle produces _______ mcs of CO2
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2
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the net yield of ATP from the complete catabolism of one molecule of glucose is:
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36
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The majority of ATP produced during the catabolism of glucose is formed during:
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oxidative phosphorylation
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Approx. ___% of the energy available from glucose catabolism is trapped int he formation of ATP.
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40
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The catabolism of F.A.'s is called:
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beta oxidation
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The key intermediate in f.a. synthesis is the three carbon acid derivative malonly CoA. T or F.
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F
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ketone bodies are formed when the concentration of acetyl coA in the ______ is very high.
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mitochondria
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in the cytoplasm, acetyl coA is used in the synthesis of steroids. T or F.
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t
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The activator/carrier mc used in Fatty acid biosynthesis is:
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ACP
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the 2 key a.a.s is catabolism of the amino grp of a.a.'s are:
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glutamate and aspartate
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the production of glutamate from aspartate and alpha-ketoglutarate is called:
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transamination
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Carbamoyl phosphate is produced by the rxn of CO2, ammonium ion, and ATP. T or F.
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T
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The second amino grp of urea is derived from aspartate. T or F.
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T
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