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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
List the 5 stages of haemostasis
.
Describe the different stages og haemostasis
.
Explain how injured blood vessels constrict
.
Describe the process of platelet plug formation
.
List the factors affecting platelet plug formation
.
Define blood coagulation
.
Explain the intrinsic, extrinsic, and common pathways
.
Describe the interrealtionship between clotting factors
.
Explain the relationship between vitamin K and heamorrhagic disorders
.
Explain how vitamin K enables certain proteins bit bind calcium ions
.
List four disorders of homeostasis
.
Explain the different causes of disorders of coagulation
.
Define haemostasis
.
List the stages of haemostasis
.
Briefly describe the stages of haemostasis
.
Discuss the activation of blood clotting factors
.
Briefly outline the process of coagulation
.
Distinguish between the intrinsic, extrinsic, and common pathways of coagulation
.
Explain the role of vitamin K in blood clotting
.
Briefly explain disorders of haemostasis.
.
Define haemostasis
The maintenance of blood within the blood vessels
What are the five stages of haemostasis?
1. Constriction of injured blood vessel
2. platelet plug formation
3. clot formation
4. clot retraction
5. clot dissolution
what is the circulating glycoprotein which helps form links between platelets and exposed collagen?
vWF attaches to collagen when endothelial cells are damaged. vWF also carries factor VIII
Describe the function of prostacyclin in platelet aggregation
is released from healthy blood endothelial cells to prevent platelet aggregation. Damage prevents prostacyclin production, thus allowing platelet aggregation.
What two substances released from platelets have a positive feedback effect on platelet morphological change?
ADP, thromboxane A2
What are the functions of factor V and factor XIII?
Factor V is essential for activation of the common pathway and factor XIII essential for crosslinking of fibrin fibres
Briefly describe the role of serotonin in haemostasis
serotonin acts as vasoconstrictor, thus reducing blood flow to the injured area.
How does a blood clotting factor relate to its activated counterpart?
each factor is a zymogen or enzyme precursor. Activation usually involves changes to the zymogen to produce an active enzyme.
Define coagulation
Coagulation is the formation of a blood clot; a mesh of fibrin and blood cells
What substance is required to stabilize fibrin?
activated factor XIII (fibrin stabilizing factor)
which amino acid does vitamin K affect?
glutamate (glutamic acid)
what is the new amino acid formed by vitamin K action?
gamma-carboxyglutamate
in which organ does vitamin K exert its action?
liver
List two vitamin K analogues
dicoumarol; warfarin
List four disorders of haemostasis
Haemophilia B
Thrombocytopaenia
Thrombocytopathia
Von Willebrands disease
Name three disorders of platelet functions
Thrombocytopaenia
Thrombocytopathis
Von Willebrands disease
what mineral is needed for blood clotting?
calcium