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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is apoptosis?
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Programed cell death
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What is angiogenesis?
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Growth of new blood vessels
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What are two specific genes associated with cancer?
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Oncogene and tumour suppressor gene
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What is contact inhibition?
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The characteristic whereby touching other cells causes the cells to stop migrating and dividing
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List the changes that occur to a cancerous cell
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changes to genetic material, loss of contact inhibition, increased permeability of cell membrane, increased transport of metabolites,
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What is an oncogene?
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Gene whose expression gives rise to transformation of a cell ito a cancerous cell
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List five viruses linked to human cancers
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HTLV1; Hep-C, Human Papillomaviruses, Epstein-Barr; Hep-B
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What are the two main dietary factors associated with cancers of the GIT
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high animal fat and low fibre intake
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List 5 possible environmental carcinogens
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food additives, pesticides, notrates, hormones, tobacco, asbestos, plastic, radiation
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Suggest a reason that B-carotene may be protective against some cancers
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B-carotene is an antioxidant, and oxidation is believed to be one of the major causes of cancer induction
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What is the Ames test?
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A bacterial reversion test, to see if chemical substances will cause particular genetic changes in a bacteria
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What is believed to be the major cause of DNA damage?
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Oxidation
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What classes of viruses are believed to play a role in cancer initiation?
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DNA viruses and retroviruses
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What is often the first indication that a substance might be carcinogenic?
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Epidemiological studies and observation
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List tests used to check for carcinogenicity
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Epidemiological studies
Tissue culture tests Ames test |