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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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single, double, and triple bonds... -weakest? longest? -strongest? shortest? |
-single -triple |
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isomer molecules? |
same chemical formula |
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in molecule drawings to show detention -dotted line means? -bold triangle like means? |
-going back -coming twords me |
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what is something single bonds can do that double and triple cant? |
rotate |
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steric hindrance |
molecules seek the most stable shape which usually means spread out |
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Carbon can exist at different _____ states? |
oxidation states indicating how many electrons it has ownership of |
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what are oxidation-reduction reactions ? -result? |
redox reactions electrons are transferred from one atom to another -# of electrons assigned to various atoms change |
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Redox reactions occur in _________ compounds |
covalent compounds (electrons are rearranged) |
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Oxidation |
O- oxidation I - is L - loss of electrons |
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Reduction |
R - reduction I - is G - gain of electrons |
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5 oxidation states of carbon |
alkane , - most reduced alcohol, aldehyde/ ketone, acid, carbon dioxide - most oxidized *every one down oxidation of 2 electrons |
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can think Oxidation of a gain of ____ atom because? |
oxygen cause O is more EN than C and will make C LOOSE electrons |
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how can you tell if a molecule has been reduced or oxidized with an equation? A^2- <----> A^- |
look at the CHARGES A has been oxidized (it lost an electron) More neg- oxidized More positive- reduced |
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oxidation and reduction occur_____? |
together |
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Reduced (more negative)substance is the ________ Oxidized (more positive) substance is the ________ |
oxidizing agent reducing agent |
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respiration uses |
redox reactions by using oxygen |
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alkane |
H l --C -- most reduced version of C l No O bonds H |
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alcohol |
OH l --C -- A little reduced l One O bond H |
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aldehyde/ ketone |
O ll --C -- In the middle of reduced and oxidized 2 O bonds |
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Acid |
O ll --C--OH A little oxidized 3 O bonds |
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carbon dioxide |
O ll C The most oxidized C can be ll 4 O bonds O |
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Oxidation defined in terms of loosing and gaining atoms |
loose electrons *gain O *loose H |
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Reduction in terms of loosing and gaining atoms |
gain electrons *gain H *loose O |
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dealing with Metabolism .... Energy is stored in food as __________ |
reduced carbon |
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Catabolism |
releases stored nrg in food by oxidizing Carbon! (loosing electrons) cause the nrg is stored in electrons |
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Anabolism *also called |
*biosynthesis uses nrg by reducing Carbon (gaining / absorbing electrons) to make larger molecules |
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Reduced Carbon ex purpose |
methane (CH4) fully reduced LOTS of nrg that can be captured when oxidized (burned) (CH4 + O2 = CO2 + H2O ) |
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Oxidized Carbon ex purpose |
carbon dioxide (CO2) fully oxidized no energy to capture because all electrons are "gone" with O however your body uses CO2 1- pH regulation and blood buffering |
