Biochap2

Front 1

atom

Back 1

basic unit of matter

Front 2

nucleus

Back 2

center of the atom with protons and neutrons

Front 3

Electron

Back 3

negatively charged particle

Front 4

Element

Back 4

pure substance entirely of one atom

Front 5

isotope

Back 5

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons

Front 6

Compound

Back 6

substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.

Front 7

Ionic Bond

Back 7

formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Front 8

Covalent Bonds

Back 8

formed when electrons are shared between atoms

Front 9

van der Waals forces

Back 9

attraction between oppositely charged forces

Front 10

Cohesion

Back 10

attraction between molecules of the same substance

Front 11

Adhesion

Back 11

attraction between molecules of different substances

Front 12

Mixture

Back 12

material composed of two or more elemnts physically mixed together

Front 13

Solution

Back 13

mixture of two evenly distributed substances

Front 14

Solute

Back 14

substance that it is dissolved

Front 15

solvent

Back 15

substance in which the solute dissolves

Front 16

suspension

Back 16

mixtures of water and nondissolved material

Front 17

pH scale

Back 17

indicate the concentration of H+ ions in a solution

Front 18

acid

Back 18

any compound that forms H+ ions

Front 19

Base

Back 19

compound that produces hydroxide ions

Front 20

Buffers

Back 20

weak acids or bases that can react with strong ones to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH

Front 21

Monomers

Back 21

small unit that can form larger unit (polymers)

Front 22

Polymers

Back 22

groups of monomers

Front 23

Carbohydrates

Back 23

Compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Front 24

Monosaccharides

Back 24

single sugar molecules

Front 25

Polysaccrides

Back 25

large macromolecules formed from monosaccrides

Front 26

lipids

Back 26

large and varied group of biological molecules generally not soluble in water

Front 27

Nucleic acids

Back 27

macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus

Front 28

Nucleotide

Back 28

form covalent bonds to form nucleic acids

Front 29

Ribonucleic acid

Back 29

nucleic acid consisting of RNA

Front 30

deoxyribonucleic acid

Back 30

nucleic acid consisting of DNA

Front 31

Proteins

Back 31

macromolecules that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Front 32

Amino acids

Back 32

Proteins are polyers of molecules known as amino acids

Front 33

Chemical reaction

Back 33

a process of changing from one set of chemicals to another

Front 34

Reactants

Back 34

Elements or compounds that enter a chemical reaction

Front 35

Products

Back 35

elements or compounds produced by reaction

Front 36

Activation energy

Back 36

energy needed to get a reaction started

Front 37

catalyst

Back 37

substance that speeds up rate of reaction

Front 38

Enzymes

Back 38

proteins that act as biological catalysts

Front 39

substrates

Back 39

reactants of enzyme catalyzed reactions