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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the main function of carbohydrates? |
Source of energy |
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What are three Conjugated carbohydrates? |
Glycolipids, Glycoproteins, Proteoglycans
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What is the difference between Glycolipids, Glycoproteins, Proteoglycans? |
Glycolipids are fat based sugars, Glycoproteins are protein based sugars, and Proteoglycans are carbohydrate based sugars. |
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Where are Glycolipids and Glycoproteins located? |
The external surface of cell membrane
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What is the function of Glycoproteins? |
Mucus of respiratory and digestive tracts
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What is the function of Proteoglycans? |
Cell adhesion, gelatinous filler of tissues (eye) and lubricates joints
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What is a lipid? |
Neutral fat (non-polar molecules)
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Write the formula for how fat is created |
3 fatty acids + 1 Glycerol = Fat + 3H2O
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What type of molecule are lipids? |
Hydrophobic organic |
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What is the difference between Lipids and Carbohydrates? |
Lipids are less oxidized than carbohydrates, but have more calories per gram
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What are the five primary types of lipids? |
Fatty acids, Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Eicosanoids, Steroids
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How long are chains of fatty acid usually and what does a long chain mean? |
Chain of usually 4 to 24 carbon atoms, the longer the chain, the more energy
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What are the two types of groups on the ends of fatty acids? |
Carboxyl (acid), and Methyl |
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What is the difference between a saturated fatty acid, and an unsaturated one? |
In a saturated fatty acid, all carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen, whereas in an unsaturated fatty acid, there are doubled bonded carbon atoms. |
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What state are saturated/unsaturated fats in at room temperature and give some examples of each. |
Saturated - Solid, butter, lard Unsaturated - liquid, corn oil, olive oil |
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What is the enzyme that hydrolysis of fat occurs off of? |
lipase
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What are Triglycerides derived from and what are they called at room temperature?
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Liquids called oils, often polyunsaturated fats from plants, Solid called fat, saturated fats from animals
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What is the function of triglycerides? |
energy storage, also insulation and shock absorption for organs
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What are Eicosanoids derived from? |
Arachidonic acid (a fatty acid)
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What is the function of Eicosanoids? |
Function as chemical signals between cells
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Eicosanoids include prostaglandins, what are some things prostaglandins do? |
Role in
inflammation, blood clotting, hormone action, labour contraction, control of blood vessel diameter |
