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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the order blood travels in the body?
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Vena Cava, Right Heart (atrium then ventricle, Pulmonary Trunk Arteries, Lungs, Pulmonary Trunk Veins, Left Heart (atrium then ventricle), Aorta, Body
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Where is the tricuspid valve?
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Between the right atrium and right ventricle
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Where is the bicuspid valve?
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Between the left atrium and left ventricle
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Where are the semilunar valves?
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Between the ventricles and the aorta/pulmonary arteries
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How is the lub dub sound made?
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When the valves close that is the sound - the first bear for the bi/tricuspids, the second for the seminars
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What and where are the Chordae Tendinae?
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Tendons that open the bi and tricuspids and prevent back flow. Connected to heart in the ventricles.
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What is the resting state heart rate?
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60-80 beats per minute
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What does systole measure?
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pressure put upon artery during ventricular contraction, the maximum amount of pressure exerted
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What does diastole measure?
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pressure put upon arteries in between contractions, the minimum amount of pressure exerted
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Nephron
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Entire unit that filters waste from the blood
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Glomerulus
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Network of Capillaries with a porous epithelium through which blood enters the nephron. Surrounded by Bowman's Capsule
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Three parts of the renal tubule:
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Proximal convoluted tubule (proximal to glomerulus), loop of Henle and distal convoluted tubule
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What is reabsorbed in the descending loop of henle?
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H2O through osmosis
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Bowman's Capsule
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Surrounds glomerulus, leads to renal tubule. Water and solutes come through here and are now called Urine
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What is reabsorbed in the ascending loop of henle?
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Sodium, Potassium and chloride by active transport. Nutrients are never reabsorbed in loop of henle
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What occurs in distal convoluted tubule?
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Water, sodium, potassium and chloride only come through if body regulates it to through hormonal changes. Safety net = DCT.
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What occurs in the collecting duct?
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Water leaves unless antidiuretic hormone is present.
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What does Specific Gravity tell us?
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How much water the person is drinking (too high means not enough water and urine is too concentrated)
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What does pH of urine tell us?
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too high = illness of vegetarian, too low means too much protein or wheat
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What does glucose tell us in urine?
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too much = diabetes or just too much sugar in diet, too little = hunger or starvation
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What does the presence of protein in urine tell us?
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too much physical exertion or renal disease
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What does the presence of ketone bodies in urine tell us?
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too much exercise or diabetes
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what does the presence of bilirubin tell us in urine?
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liver disease
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what does the presence of leukocytes in urine tell us?
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infection
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