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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transformation |
(1)The conversion from a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell.(2) a change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA is from a member of a different species, transformation results in horizontal gene transfer. |
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Bacteriophages |
A virus that infect bacteria also called phage. |
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Phage |
A virus that infects bacteria. |
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Double Helix |
The form of the native DNA referring to its two adjacent antiparallel polynucleotide strands wound around an imaginary axis into a spiral shape |
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Semiconservative model |
Type of DNA replication in which the replicated double Helix consists of one strand derived from the parental molecule and one newly made strand |
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Origins of replication |
Site where the replication of DNA molecule begins consisting of a specific sequence of nucleotide repk |
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Replication folk |
A y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where the parental strands are being unwounded and new strands are being synthesized |
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DNA polymerase |
An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA by the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of an existing chain. There are several different DNA polymerases ; DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase I play major roles in DNA replication in E. coli |
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Leading strand |
A new complimentary DNA strand synthesized continuously along the template strand toward the replication fork in the mandatory 5' -->3' direction |
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Lagging strand |
A discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates by means of Okazaki fragments, each synthesized in a 5'-->3' direction away from the replication folk |
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DNA ligase |
A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 3' end of one DNA fragment to the 5' end of another DNA fragment (such as a growing DNA chain ) |
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Primer |
A short stretch of RNA with a dree 3' end, bound by complimentary base pairing to the template strand and elongated with DNA nucleotides during DNA replication |
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Primase |
An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make a primer during DNA replication using the parental DNA strand as a template |
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Helicase |
An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at replication forks, separating the two strands and making them available a template strands |
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Single strand binding protein |
A protein that binds to the unpaired DNA strands during DNA replication, stabilizing them and holding them apart while they serve as templates for the synthesis of complementary strands of DNA |
