Bio Test On November 5Th

Front 1

What are the 3 accomplishments for which we should thank plants for?

Back 1

1. They convert light energy to useful chemical energy

2. They convert carbon dioxide into organic molecules such as carbs

3. They release oxygen gas (O2) from water

Front 2

Organize the following items from largest to smallest:

- Ultraviolet

- Microwaves

- Gamma Rays

- X-rays

- Radiowaves

- Visible light

- Infrared

Back 2

1. Gamma Rays

2. X-Rays

3. Ultraviolet

4. Visible Light

5. Microwaves

6. Radio Waves

Front 3

Name the 4 major colors of photosynthetic pigments

Back 3

1. Green = Chlorophyll a

2. Blue = Chlorophyll b

3. Orange = Carotenoid

4. Yellow = Xanthophyll

Front 4

A green photosynthetic pigment is which of the following

Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Carotenoid, or Xanthophyll

Back 4

Chlorophyll a

Front 5

A blue photosynthetic pigment is which of the following

Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Carotenoid, or Xanthophyll

Back 5

Chlorophyll b

Front 6

A orange photosynthetic pigment is which of the following

Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Carotenoid, or Xanthophyll

Back 6

Carotenoid

Front 7

A yellow photosynthetic pigment is which of the following

Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Carotenoid, or Xanthophyll

Back 7

Xanthophyll

Front 8

Which of the 4 major photosynthetic pigments are chlorophylls?

Back 8

Green (a) and Blue (b)

Front 9

Which of the 4 major photosynthetic pigments are carotenoids?

Back 9

Orange

Front 10

What colors of light are best absorbed by the photosynthetic pigments and why?

Back 10

Red and Blue/Violet because the structure of the pigment molecules (chlorophyll A and B) allows them to absorb photons more efficiently.

Front 11

Name the 6 parts of the chloroplast

Back 11

1. Outer Membrane

2. Inner Membrane

3. Grana

4. Thylakoid Membranes

5. Thylakoid Space

6. Stroma

Front 12

What is the major outcome of light dependent reactions? What do light dependent reactions do?

Back 12

-Light energy is used to split water (photolysis).

-The broken down water makes oxygen, hydrogen, and electrons.

-Chemiosmosis occurs which makes ATP.

-Hydrogen (and NAD+) is converted to NADPH.

Front 13

Where does the light dependent reaction take place in the chloroplast?

Back 13

In the Thylakoid and Thylakoid Space

Front 14

What are the major outcomes of light independent reactions?

Back 14

- Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is converted into glucose (carbs)

- Oxidation of NADPH to NAD, uses ATP.

- Calvin Cycle does all of the above.

Front 15

Where in the chloroplasts do light independent reactions take place?

Back 15

The Stroma

Front 16

Describe the structure of a photosystem

Back 16

- Protein complexes found in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts

- Consists of pigments chlorophyll a, b, caratenoids, and an electron acceptor

- Photo Systems I and II

Front 17

Describe the function of a photosystem

Back 17

- Photosystem II - PS680 absorbs light at 680 nm (orange)

- Photosystem I - PS700 - absorbs light optimally at 700 nm (red)

Front 18

What is the Calvin Cycle?

Back 18

It is the set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. Happens only during the light-independent cycle.

Front 19

Is the Calvin Cycle a light-dependent reaction or light-independent reaction?

Back 19

Light-independent cycle

Front 20

What is the function of ribulose bisphosphate

Back 20

Also known as RuBisCO, it is an enzyme used to speed up the first step of the Calvin Cycle which is combining a sugar molecule (5 carbon atoms_ with a carbon dioxide atom to form a 6-carbon sugar molecule.

Front 21

What is the major accomplishment of the Calvin Cycle?

Back 21

Produces Carbon Dioxide into Carbohydrates

Front 22

What are the major reactants and products of the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis?

Back 22

Reactants:

Light, water, APD, NADP+

Products:

Oxygen, ATP, NADPH

Front 23

What are the major reactants and products of light independent reactions of photosynthesis?

Back 23

Reactants:

Carbon Dioxide, Water,

Products:

Ribulose Biphosphate, Glucose

Front 24

What molecules that are produced in the light dependent reactions required for light independent reaction? What are they used for?

Back 24

NADPH and ATP

Front 25

How is water split during the light dependent reaction?

Back 25

Through Hydrolysis

Front 26

How is oxygen released during the light-dependent reactions?

Back 26

When water splits during the light cycle.

Front 27

What is photophosphorylation?

Back 27

Light energy used from photosynthesis used to provide the energy to convert ADP to ATP.

Front 28

How is NADP reduced?

Back 28

1

Front 29

What are the differences between the cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphyorylation?

Back 29

1

Front 30

Is water a major reactant or product in the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

Back 30

1

Front 31

Is light energy a major reactant or product in the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

Back 31

1

Front 32

Are carbohydrates a major reactant or product in the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

Back 32

1

Front 33

Is oxygen gas a major reactant or product in the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

Back 33

1

Front 34

Is carbon dioxide a major reactant or product in the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

Back 34

1

Front 35

What is a photosynthetic pigment?

Back 35

It is a pigment that is present in the chloroplasts that captures light energy needed for photosynthesis.

Front 36

Step 1 of Calvin Cycle

Back 36

A sugar molecule made of 5 carbon atoms combines with carbon dioxide to form a 6-carbon sugar. An enzyme called RuBisCO speeds this up.

Front 37

Step 2 of Calvin Cycle

Back 37

Phosphoglycerate is reduced with hydrogen atoms from the light-dependent reaction to form 2 molecules of triose phosphate. Each molecule has 3 carbon atoms. ATP is needed for this.

Front 38

Step 3 of Calvin Cycle

Back 38

Some triose phopsphate is converted (using ATP) back into Ribulose Biphosphate (the sugar) which is why it's called a cycle.

Front 39

Step 4 of Calvin Cycle

Back 39

The rest is left over to produce glucose.

Front 40

Step 1 of Light Dependent Reaction

Back 40

Capture light/photons by proteins photosystem I and II

Front 41

Step 2 of Light Dependent Reaction

Back 41

Produce oxygen from the hydrolysis (splitting) of water

Front 42

Step 3 of Light Dependent Reaction

Back 42

Reduce coenzymes NAD+ to NADPH

Front 43

Step 4 of Light Dependent Reaction

Back 43

Convert ADP to ATP using ATP Synthase